15
ACE9040
DESCRIPTION
ACE9040 combines all the voice, data and signalling
processing circuits for analog cellular telephones operating
with the AMPS or TACS systems.
Transmit channel functions comprise a microphone
amplifier, soft limiter, bandpass speech filter, compressor,
pre-emphasis filter, hard limiter, lowpass transmit filter and a
gain control stage to set the deviation. Additional transmit
circuits include a DTMF generator, a lowpass filter for either
control data or signalling tone (ST), filters for supervisory
audio tone (SAT), either transponded or locally re-generated,
and deviation setting amplifiers for Data, ST and SAT. The
outputs from the transmit functions feed a modulation
combiner whose gain can be adjusted before driving a
modulator and external power amplifier.
ACE9040’s receive path consists of a bandpass filter,
expander, volume control and power amplifier to directly drive
the earpiece, either differentially or in single ended modes.
Sidetone and DTMF tones can be introduced into the receive
path.
Gain settings, filter characteristics and system control is
programmed via a three wire serial interface to give optimum
operation with either the AMPS or TACS analog cellular
systems.
To implement a handsfree function, both transmit and
receive paths have rectifiers which enable signal amplitude
monitoring via an external pin and signal path attenuators
controlled via the serial interface.
All filter characteristics are set by ratioed on-chip
components and by a fixed externally input clock rate of
1·008 MHz and do not need trimming, filter response options
are selected via the serial interface.
Gain adjustments for different system specifications and
component tolerancing are set via the serial interface using
gain control blocks in the transmit and receive signal paths.
These eliminate the need for any mechanically adjusted
potentiometers. Some gain levels change automatically when
the control bits for one of the standards are set, others are
under user control.
Power saving operates when an individual block is de-
selected and for the whole circuit when in Standby. The circuit
combines high performance with minimum power
consumption and uses as few external components as
possible.
SERIAL CONTROL BUS
All functions are controlled via a three wire serial
interface. Input is via pins SD for serial data, SCLK for the clock
input and LEN for the control message latch signal.
Incoming data bits are clocked in on the rising edges of
SCLK clock input. At the end of each control message
comprising three 8-bit data bytes, the rising edge of the LEN
pulse latches in the data. A system controller should clock
data out on clock falling edges to ensure the maximum timing
margins.
The SCLK clock input must be at 1·008 MHz and
continuous whenever the ACE9040 is active because
ACE9040’s switched capacitor filters use clocks derived from
SCLK to set frequency responses.
ACE9040 expects a minimum of 30 clock cycles between
LEN latch pulses, including the clock cycle containing the latch
pulse. A minimum of 8 clock cycles before the beginning of an
Operate command or after a Standby command are expected.
Three data bytes DATA1, DATA2, and DATA3 contain
bits for system selection, control and mute switches, gain
control and filter response settings, as shown in figure 10. The
last two bits of DATA3, DATA3[1] and [0], determine the
message type, either “Operation”, “Initializing mode 0”,
“Initializing mode 1” or “Handsfree”. The details of these four
modes are described in tables 2 to 19.
DATA3[1]
0
0
1
1
DATA3[0]
1
0
0
1
Mode
“Operation”
“Initializing mode 0”
“Initializing mode 1”
“Handsfree”
Fig. 10 Serial Receive Bus Timing
Table 1 Mode Selections
DATA1
DATA2
DATA3
SCLK
SD
LEN
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
EARLIEST
START OF
NEXT
MESSAGE