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GENNUM CORPORATION
20352 - 2
7 of 10
G
GENERIC BIQUAD FILTERS
Frequency shaping can be achieved by configuring generic
biquad filters. The transfer function for each of the biquad
filters is as follows:
b0 + b1 * z
-1
+ b2 * z
-2
H(z) =
1 + a1 * z
-1
+ a2 * z
-2
Note that the a0 coefficient is hard-wired to always be a 1.
The coefficients are each 16 bits in length and include one
sign bit, one bit to the left of the decimal point, and 14 bits
to the right of the decimal point. Thus, before quantization,
the floating-point coefficients must be in the range
-2.0 <= x < 2.0 and quantized with the function:
round(x * 2
14
)
After designing a filter, the quantized coefficients can be
entered into the PreBiquads or PostBiquads tab in the
Interactive Data Sheet. The coefficients b0, b1, b2, a1, and
a2 are as defined in the transfer function above. The
parameters meta0 and meta1 do not have any effect on the
signal processing, but can be used to store additional
information related to the biquad with which they are
associated.
The underlying code in the product components
automatically checks all of the filters in the system for
stability (that is, the poles have to be within the unit circle)
before updating the graphs on the screen or programming
the coefficients into the hybrid. If the Interactive Data Sheet
receives an exception from the underlying stability checking
code, it will automatically disable the biquad being
modified and display a warning message. When the filter is
made stable again, it can be re-enabled.
Note also that in some configurations some of these filters
may
be
used
by
the
microphone/telecoil compensation, low-frequency EQ, etc.
If this is the case, the coefficients the user enters into IDS
will be ignored and the filter designed by the software will
be programmed instead. For more information on filter
design refer to
Biquad Filters In PARAGON Digital Hybrid
information note, Document # 20205.
product
component
for
VOLUME CONTROL
The volume control (VC) can be either external or
programmable. If VC is programmed for external operation,
a 200k
variable resistor should be connected to the 9bit
A/D converter. Hysteresis is built into the Volume Control
circuitry to prevent unintentional volume level toggling. A
log taper potentiometer is recommended so that gain in dB
will be linear with potentiometer rotation.
AGCO
The AGCo module is an output limiting circuit whose
compression ratio is fixed at infinity:1. The threshold level is
programmable. The AGCo module has its own twin level
detector, with programmable attack and release time
constants.
MS1 AND MS2 SWITCHES
There are two, two-pole Memory Select switches available
on the GB3212, which allows the user tremendous flexibility
in switching between configurations. These switches may
be either momentary or static as set up in the Interactive
Data Sheet.
Up to four memories can be configured. Enabled (valid)
memories must be sequential. For example, if three
memories were required, memories A, B and C would be
enabled. Memory A must always be valid.
Momentary Switch on MS1
This mode uses a single momentary switch on MS (Pin 13)
to change memories. Using this mode will cause the part to
start in Memory A and whenever the button is pressed the
next valid memory will be loaded. When the user is in the
last valid memory, a button press will cause memory A to be
loaded.
Examples:
If 4 valid memories ABCDABCDA…
If 3 valid memories ABCABCA…
If 2 valid memories ABABA…
If 1 valid memories AAA…
Static Switch on MS1 and MS2
This mode uses two static switches to change memories.
The following table describes which memory is selected
depending on the state of the switches. In this mode it is
possible to jump from any memory to any other memory
simply by changing the state of both switches. If both
switches are changed simultaneously then the transition will
be smooth, otherwise, if one switch is changed and then
the other, the part will transition to an intermediate memory
before reaching the final memory. The part will start in
whatever memory the switches are selecting. If a memory is
invalid the part will not switch to the invalid memory, but
stay in the current memory.
MS1
MS2
Memory
LOW
LOW
A
LOW
OPEN
B (if valid otherwise no change)
OPEN
LOW
C (if valid otherwise no change)
OPEN
OPEN
D (if valid otherwise no change)