"#$%
"#'%
"#)%
"#&
"#(
"#*
SBOS307B MAY 2004 REVISED JUNE 2004
www.ti.com
7
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
BASIC CONNECTION
Figure 1 shows the basic connection of the INA19x. The
input pins, V
IN+
and V
IN
, should be connected as closely
as possible to the shunt resistor to minimize any resistance
in series with the shunt resistance.
Power-supply bypass capacitors are required for stability.
Applications with noisy or high impedance power supplies
may require additional decoupling capacitors to reject
power-supply noise. Connect bypass capacitors close to
the device pins.
R
S
Load
V
16Vto+36V
I
S
V
IN+
V
IN
+2.7Vto+13.5V
V+
OUT
INA193INA198
5k
5k
Figure 1. INA19x Basic Connection
POWER SUPPLY
The input circuitry of the INA19x can accurately measure
beyond its power-supply voltage, V+. For example, the V+
power supply can be 5V, whereas the load power-supply
voltage is up to +36V. The output voltage range of the OUT
terminal, however, is limited by the voltages on the
power-supply pin.
SELECTING R
S
The value chosen for the shunt resistor, R
S
, depends on
the application and is a compromise between small-signal
accuracy and maximum permissible voltage loss in the
measurement line. High values of R
S
provide better
accuracy at lower currents by minimizing the effects of
offset, while low values of R
S
minimize voltage loss in the
supply line. For most applications, best performance is
attained with an R
S
value that provides a full-scale shunt
voltage range of 50mV to 100mV. Maximum input voltage
for accurate measurements is 500mV.
TRANSIENT PROTECTION
The 16V to +36V common-mode range of the INA19x is
ideal for withstanding automotive fault conditions ranging
from 12V battery reversal up to +36V transients, since no
additional protective components are needed up to those
levels. In the event that the INA19x is exposed to
transients on the inputs in excess of its ratings, then
external transient absorption with semiconductor transient
absorbers (zeners or
Transzorbs
) will be necessary. Use
of MOVs or VDRs is not recommended except when they
are used in addition to a semiconductor transient absorber.
Select the transient absorber such that it will never allow
the INA19x to be exposed to transients greater than +36V
(that is, allow for transient absorber tolerance, as well as
additional voltage due to transient absorber dynamic
impedance). Despite the use of internal zener-type ESD
protection, the INA19x does not lend itself to using external
resistors in series with the inputs since the internal gain
resistors can vary up to
±
30%. (If gain accuracy is not
important, then resistors can be added in series with the
INA19x inputs with two equal resistors on each input.)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE RANGE
The output of the INA19x is accurate within the output
voltage swing range set by the power supply pin, V+. This
is best illustrated when using the INA195 or INA198 (which
are both versions using a gain of 100), where a 100mV
full-scale input from the shunt resistor requires an output
voltage swing of +10V, and a power-supply voltage
sufficient to achieve +10V on the output.