9
FN6319.2
August 25, 2008
.
The Sallen Key Low Pass Filter
The Sallen Key is a classic low pass configuration. This
provides a very stable low pass function, and in the case of
the ISL59119, a five-pole roll-off at 8MHz. The five-pole
function is accomplished with a second order Sallen Key filter
in series with and before a third order Sallen Key.
Output Coupling
The ISL59119 can be AC or DC coupled to its output. When
AC coupling, a 220F coupling capacitor is recommended to
ensure that low frequencies are passed, preventing video
“tilt” or “droop” across a line.
The ISL59119’s internal sync clamp makes it possible to DC
couple the output to a video load, eliminating the need for
any AC coupling capacitors, saving board space, cost, and
eliminating any “tilt” or offset shift in the output signal. The
trade-off is larger supply current draw, since the DC
component of the signal is now dissipated in the load
resistor. Typical load current for AC coupled signals is 5mA
compared to 10mA for DC coupling.
Output Drive Capability
The ISL59119 does not have internal short circuit protection
circuitry. If the output is shorted indefinitely, the power
dissipation could easily overheat the die or the current could
eventually compromise metal integrity. Maximum reliability is
maintained if the output current never exceeds ±40mA. This
limit is set by the design of the internal metal interconnect.
Note that for transient short circuits, the part is robust.
Short circuit protection can be provided externally with a
back match resistor in series with the output placed close as
possible to the output pin. In video applications, this would
be a 75
Ω resistor and would provide adequate short circuit
protection to the device. Care should still be taken not to
stress the device with a short at the output.
Power Dissipation
With the high output drive capability of the ISL59119, it is
possible to exceed the +125°C absolute maximum junction
temperature under certain load current conditions.
Therefore, it is important to calculate the maximum junction
temperature for an application to determine if load conditions
or package types need to be modified to assure operation of
the amplifier in a safe operating area.
The maximum power dissipation allowed in a package is
determined according to Equation
3:Where:
TJMAX = Maximum junction temperature
TAMAX = Maximum ambient temperature
Θ
JA = Thermal resistance of the package
The maximum power dissipation actually produced by an IC
is the total quiescent supply current times the total power
supply voltage, plus the power in the IC due to the load, or:
for sourcing use Equation
4:for sinking use Equation
5:Where:
VS = Supply voltage
ISMAX = Maximum quiescent supply current
VOUT = Maximum output voltage of the application
RLOAD = Load resistance tied to ground
ILOAD = Load current
Power Supply Bypassing Printed Circuit Board
Layout
As with any modern operational amplifier, a good printed
circuit board layout is necessary for optimum performance.
Lead lengths should be as short as possible. The power
supply pin must be well bypassed to reduce the risk of
oscillation. For normal single supply operation, a single
4.7F tantalum capacitor in parallel with a 0.1F ceramic
capacitor from VS+ to GND will suffice.
Printed Circuit Board Layout
For good AC performance, parasitic capacitance should be
kept to minimum. Use of wire wound resistors should be
avoided because of their additional series inductance. Use
of sockets should also be avoided if possible. Sockets add
parasitic inductance and capacitance that can result in
compromised performance.
TABLE 1. TABLE OF CHARGE STORAGE CAPACITOR vs
DROOP CHARGING RATES FOR Y AND CVBS
CHANNELS
CAP VALUE
(nF)
DROOP IN 60s
(mV)
CHARGE IN 4s
(mV)
10
6
1000
33
1.8
315
100
0.6
100
V
DROOP
I
B
CAP Value
-----------------------------
Line Time
Sample Time
–
()
×
=
(EQ. 1)
V
CHARGE
I
CLAMP
CAP Value
-----------------------------
Sample Time
()
×
=
(EQ. 2)
PD
MAX
T
JMAX
T
AMAX
–
Θ
JA
---------------------------------------------
=
(EQ. 3)
PD
MAX
V
S
I
SMAX
V
S
V
OUT
–
()
+
×
V
OUT
R
L
----------------
×
=
(EQ. 4)
PD
MAX
V
S
I
SMAX
V
OUT
V
S
–
()
+
×
I
LOAD
×
=
(EQ. 5)
ISL59119