KP Series
AC-DC Converters >100 Watt
Rugged Environment
Edition 4/4.99
8/23
MELCHER
The Power Partners.
Thermal Considerations
If a converter is located in free, quasi-stationary air (con-
vection cooling) at the indicated maximum ambient tem-
perature
TA max (see: table Temperature specifications) and
is operated at its nominal input voltage and output power,
the temperature measured at the
Measuring point of case
temperature TC
indicated value
TC max after the warm-up phase. However,
the relationship between
TA and TC depends heavily on the
conditions of operation and integration into a system. The
thermal conditions are influenced by input voltage, output
current, airflow and temperature of surrounding compo-
nents and surfaces.
TA max is therefore, contrary to TC max,
an indicative value only.
Caution: The installer must ensure that under all operat-
ing conditions
TC remains within the limits stated in the
table:
Temperature specifications.
Notes: Sufficient forced cooling or an additional heat sink
allows
TA to be higher than 60
°C (e.g. 70°C) if T
C max is not
exceeded.
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
TA min 50
60
70
80
90
100
Io/Io nom
TA [°C]
0.9
1.00
forced cooling
convection cooling
TC max
-6 -7
-6
-7
05143
-5
Fig. 7
Output current derating versus temperature for -5, -6 and
-7 units.
Thermal Protection
A temperature sensor generates an internal inhibit signal
which disables the outputs if the case temperature exceeds
TC max. The outputs are automatically re-enabled if the tem-
perature drops below this limit.
Output Protection
Each output is protected against overvoltage which could
occur due to a failure of the control circuit by means of a
voltage suppressor diode which, under worst case condi-
tions, may become a short circuit. The suppressor diodes
are not designed to withstand externally applied over-
voltages. Overload at any of the two outputs will cause a
shut-down of both outputs. A red LED indicates the over-
load condition.
Efciency versus Load
12
3
4
0
82
70
72
74
76
78
80
Efficiency
Io/Io nom
Ui = 187 V AC
Ui = 230 V AC
05156
84
86
88
90
Fig. 8
Efciency versus load at Ui 230 V AC and 187 V AC
Switching Frequency versus Load
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0
60
0
10
20
30
40
50
Frequency [kHz]
load [
Io/Io nom]
70
80
1.2
05157
Fig. 9
Switching frequency versus load. (The boost converter at
the input stage has a xed frequency of 100 kHz)
Parallel or Series Connection of Units
Units with equal nominal output voltage can be connected
in parallel without any precautions using option T.
With option T (current sharing), all units share the current
approximately equally.
Main and second outputs can be connected in series with
any other (similar) output.
Note:
– Parallel connection of double output units should always
include both, main and second output to maintain good
regulation of both outputs.
– Not more than 3 units should be connected in parallel.
– Series connection of second outputs without involving
their main outputs should be avoided as regulation may
be poor.
– The maximum output current is limited by the output with
the lowest current limitation if several outputs are con-
nected in series.