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| 型號(hào)： | LM2591HVT-3.3 |
| 廠商： | NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORP |
| 元件分類： | 穩(wěn)壓器 |
| 英文描述： | SIMPLE SWITCHER Power Converter 150 kHz 1A Step-Down Voltage Regulator |
| 中文描述： | 3 A SWITCHING REGULATOR, 173 kHz SWITCHING FREQ-MAX, PZFM5 |
| 封裝： | TO-220, 5 PIN |
| 文件頁(yè)數(shù)： | 13/20頁(yè) |
| 文件大?。?/td> | 730K |
| 代理商： | LM2591HVT-3.3 |
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Application Information
INDUCTOR SELECTION PROCEDURE
Application NoteAN-1197 titled "Selecting Inductors for Buck
Converters" provides detailed information on this topic. For a
quick-start the designer may refer to the nomographs pro-
vided in
Figure 2
to
Figure 4
. To widen the choice of the
Designer to a more general selection of available inductors,
the nomographs provide the required inductance and also
the energy in the core expressed in microjoules (μJ), as an
alternative to just prescribing custom parts. The following
points need to be highlighted:
1.
The Energy values shown on the nomographs apply to
steady operation at the corresponding x-coordinate
(rated maximum load current). However under start-up,
without soft-start, or a short-circuit on the output, the
current in the inductor will momentarily/repetitively hit
the current limit I
of the device, and this current
could be much higher than the rated load, I
. This
represents an overload situation, and can cause the
Inductor to saturate (if it has been designed only to
handle the energy of steady operation). However most
types of core structures used for such applications have
a large inherent air gap (for example powdered iron
types or ferrite rod inductors), and so the inductance
does not fall off too sharply under an overload. The
device is usually able to protect itself by not allowing the
current to ever exceed I
. But if the DC input voltage
to the regulator is over 40V, the current can slew up so
fast under core saturation, that the device may not be
able to act fast enough to restrict the current. The cur-
rent can then rise without limit till destruction of the
device takes place.
Therefore to ensure reliability, it is
recommended, that if the DC Input Voltage exceeds
40V, the inductor must ALWAYS be sized to handle an
instantaneous current equal to I
CLIM
without saturating,
irrespective of the type of core structure/material
.
2.
The Energy under steady operation is
where L is in μH and I
PEAK
is the peak of the inductor
current waveform with the regulator delivering I
LOAD
.
These are the energy values shown in the nomographs.
See
Example 1
below.
The Energy under overload is
3.
If V
IN
>
40V, the inductor should be sized to handle
e
instead of the steady energy values. The worst
case I
for the LM2591HV is 3A. The Energy rating
depends on the Inductance. See
Example 2
below.
The nomographs were generated by allowing a greater
amount of percentage current ripple in the Inductor as
the maximum rated load decreases (see
Figure 5
). This
was done to permit the use of smaller inductors at light
loads.
Figure 5
however shows only the ’median’ value
of the current ripple. In reality there may be a great
spread around this because the nomographs approxi-
mate the exact calculated inductance to standard avail-
able values. It is a good idea to refer to AN-1197 for
detailed calculations if a certain maximum inductor cur-
rent ripple is required for various possible reasons. Also
4.
consider the rather wide tolerance on the nominal induc-
tance of commercial inductors.
Figure 4
shows the inductor selection curves for the
Adjustable version. The y-axis is ’Et’, in Vμsecs. It is the
applied volts across the inductor during the ON time of
the switch (V
IN
-V
SAT
-V
OUT
) multiplied by the time for
which the switch is on in μsecs. See Example 3 below.
Example 1:
(V
IN
≤
40V) LM2591HV-5.0, V
IN
= 24V, Output
5V
@
0.8A
1. A first pass inductor selection is based upon
Inductance
and rated max load current
. We choose an inductor with the
Inductance value indicated by the nomograph (
Figure 3
) and
a current rating equal to the maximum load current. We
therefore quick-select a 100μH/0.8A inductor (designed for
150 kHz operation) for this application.
2. We should confirm that it is rated to handle 50 μJ (see
Figure 3
) by either estimating the peak current or by a
detailed calculation as shown in AN-1197, and also that the
losses are acceptable.
Example 2:
(V
IN
>
40V) LM2591HV-5.0, V
IN
= 48V, Output
5V
@
1A
1. A first pass inductor selection is based upon
Inductance
and the switch currrent limit
. We choose an inductor with the
Inductance value indicated by the nomograph (
Figure 3
) and
a current rating equal to I
. We therefore quick-select a
100μH/3A inductor (designed for 150 kHz operation) for this
application.
2. We should confirm that it is rated to handle e
by the
procedure shown in AN-1197 and that the losses are accept-
able. Here e
CLIM
is:
5.
Example 3:
(V
IN
≤
40V) LM2591HV-ADJ, V
IN
= 20V, Output
10V
@
1A
1. Since input voltage is less than 40V, a first pass inductor
selection is based upon Inductance and rated max load
current. We choose an inductor with the Inductance value
indicated by the nomograph
Figure 4
and a current rating
equal to the maximum load. But we first need to calculate Et
for the given application. The Duty cycle is
where V
D
is the drop across the Catch Diode (
)
0.5V for a
Schottky) and V
SAT
the drop across the switch (
)
1.5V). So
And the switch ON time is
where f is the switching frequency in Hz. So
L
www.national.com
13
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相關(guān)代理商/技術(shù)參數(shù) |
參數(shù)描述 |
|---|---|
| LM2591HVT-5.0 | 功能描述:直流/直流開關(guān)轉(zhuǎn)換器 RoHS:否 制造商:STMicroelectronics 最大輸入電壓:4.5 V 開關(guān)頻率:1.5 MHz 輸出電壓:4.6 V 輸出電流:250 mA 輸出端數(shù)量:2 最大工作溫度:+ 85 C 安裝風(fēng)格:SMD/SMT |
| LM2591HVT-5.0 | 制造商:Texas Instruments 功能描述:SWITCHING REG 1A 5.0V 2591 TO-220 |
| LM2591HVT-5.0/NOPB | 功能描述:直流/直流開關(guān)轉(zhuǎn)換器 RoHS:否 制造商:STMicroelectronics 最大輸入電壓:4.5 V 開關(guān)頻率:1.5 MHz 輸出電壓:4.6 V 輸出電流:250 mA 輸出端數(shù)量:2 最大工作溫度:+ 85 C 安裝風(fēng)格:SMD/SMT |
| LM2591HVT-ADJ | 功能描述:直流/直流開關(guān)轉(zhuǎn)換器 RoHS:否 制造商:STMicroelectronics 最大輸入電壓:4.5 V 開關(guān)頻率:1.5 MHz 輸出電壓:4.6 V 輸出電流:250 mA 輸出端數(shù)量:2 最大工作溫度:+ 85 C 安裝風(fēng)格:SMD/SMT |
| LM2591HVT-ADJ | 制造商:Texas Instruments 功能描述:SWITCHING REG 1A ADJ 2591 TO2205 |
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