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MB81117422A-125/-100/-84/-67
I
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
SDRAM BASIC FUNCTION
Three major differences between this SDRAM and conventional DRAMs are:synchronized operation, burst
mode, and mode register.
The
synchronized operation
is the fundamental difference. An SDRAM uses a clock input for the
synchronization, where the DRAM is basically asynchronous memory although it has been using two clocks,
RAS and CAS. Each operation of DRAM is determined by their timing phase differences while each operation
of SDRAM is determined by commands and all operations are referenced to a positive clock edge. Fig. 3 shows
the basic timing diagram differences between SDRAMs and DRAMs.
The
burst mode
is a very high speed access mode utilizing an internal column address generator. Once a
column addresses for the first access is set, following addresses are automatically generated by the internal
column address counter.
The
mode registe
r is to justify the SDRAM operation and function into desired system conditions. MODE
REGISTER TABLE shows how SDRAM can be configured for system requirement by mode register
programming.
CLOCK (CLK) AND CLOCK ENABLE (CKE)
All input and output signals of SDRAM use register type buffers. A CLK is used as a trigger for the register and
internal burst counter increment. All inputs are latched by a positive edge of CLK. All outputs are validated by
the CLK. CKE is a high active clock enable signal. When CKE = Low is latched at a clock input during active
cycle, the next clock will be internally masked. During idle state (all banks have been precharged), the Power
Down mode(standby) is entered with CKE = Low and this will make extremely low standby current.
CHIP SELECT (CS)
CS enables all commands inputs, RAS, CAS, and WE, and address input. When CS is High , command signals
are negated but internal operation such as burst cycle will not be suspended. If such a control isn’t needed, CS
can be tied to ground level.
COMMAND INPUT (RAS, CAS AND WE)
Unlike a conventional DRAM, RAS, CAS, and WE do not directly imply SDRAM operation, such as Row address
strobe by RAS. Instead, each combination of RAS, CAS, and WE input in conjunction with CS input at a rising
edge of the CLK determines SDRAM operation. Refer to FUNCTION TRUTH TABLE in page 5.
ADDRESS INPUT (A
0
to A
10
)
Address input selects an arbitrary location of a total of 2,097,152 words of each memory cell matrix. A total of
twenty address input signals are required to decode such a matrix. SDRAM adopts an address multiplexer in
order to reduce the pin count of the address line. At a Bank Active command (ACTV), eleven Row addresses
are initially latched and the remainder of eight column addresses are then latched by a column address strobe
command of either a Read command (READ or READA) or Write command (WRIT or WRITA).
BANK SELECT (A
11
)
This SDRAM has two banks and each bank is organized as 2 M words by 4-bit.
Bank selection by A
11
occurs at Bank Active command (ACTV) followed by Read (READ or READA), Write
(WRIT or WRITA), and Precharge command (PRE).