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MC33340
4
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
Isink, SINK SATURATION (mA)
Figure 3. Temperature Select Threshold Voltage
versus Temperature
Figure 4. Saturation Voltage versus Sink Current
Vsen Gate and Fast/Trickle Outputs
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
°
C)
V
V
0
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
125
–0.2
–
0.4
–0.6
–0.8
–1.0
VCC = 6.0 V
VCC
Time mode is selected if any of
the three inputs are above the
threshold.
Temperature mode is selected
when all three inputs are below
the threshold.
Threshold voltage is measured with respect to VCC.
3.2
0
8.0
16
24
32
40
2.4
1.6
0.8
0
VCC = 6.0 V
TA = 25
°
C
Vsen Gate
Pin 2
Fast/Trickle
Pin 3
–50
VCC, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 5. Undervoltage Lockout Thresholds
versus Temperature
Figure 6. Supply Current
versus Supply Voltage
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
°
C)
V
I
3.1
–25
0
25
50
75
100
125
3.0
2.9
2.8
2.7
Startup Threshold
(VCC Increasing)
Minimum Operating Threshold
(VCC Decreasing)
1.0
0
4.0
8.0
12
16
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
TA = 25
°
C
INTRODUCTION
Nickel Cadmium and Nickel Metal Hydride batteries
require precise charge termination control to maximize cell
capacity and operating time while preventing overcharging.
Overcharging can result in a reduction of battery life as well
as physical harm to the end user. Since most portable
applications require the batteries to be charged rapidly, a
primary and usually a secondary or redundant charge
sensing technique is employed into the charging system. It is
also desirable to disable rapid charging if the battery voltage
or temperature is either too high or too low. In order to
address these issues, an economical and flexible fast charge
controller was developed.
The MC33340 contains many of the building blocks and
protection features that are employed in modern high
performance battery charger controllers that are specifically
designed for Nickel Cadmium and Nickel Metal Hydride
batteries. The device is designed to interface with either
primary or secondary side regulators for easy implementation
of a complete charging system. A representative block
diagram in a typical charging application is shown in Figure 7.
The battery voltage is monitored by the Vsen input that
internally connects to a voltage to frequency converter and
counter for detection of a negative slope in battery voltage. A
timer with three programming inputs is available to provide
backup charge termination. Alternatively, these inputs can be
used to monitor the battery pack temperature and to set the
over and under temperature limits also for backup charge
termination.
Two active low open collector outputs are provided to
interface this controller with the external charging circuit. The
first output furnishes a gating pulse that momentarily
interrupts the charge current. This allows an accurate
method of sampling the battery voltage by eliminating voltage
drops that are associated with high charge currents and
wiring resistances. Also, any noise voltages generated by the
charging circuitry are eliminated. The second output is
designed to switch the charging source between fast and
trickle modes based upon the results of voltage, time, or
temperature. These outputs normally connect directly to a
linear or switching regulator control circuit in non–isolated
primary or secondary side applications. Both outputs can be
used to drive optoisolators in primary side applications that
require galvanic isolation. Figure 8 shows the typical charge
characteristics for NiCd and NiMh batteries.