152
2552K–AVR–04/11
ATmega329/3290/649/6490
cycles, it executes the interrupt routine, and resumes execution from the instruction
following SLEEP.
Reading of the TCNT2 Register shortly after wake-up from Power-save may give an
incorrect result. Since TCNT2 is clocked on the asynchronous TOSC clock, reading TCNT2
must be done through a register synchronized to the internal I/O clock domain.
Synchronization takes place for every rising TOSC1 edge. When waking up from Power-
save mode, and the I/O clock (clk
I/O) again becomes active, TCNT2 will read as the previous
value (before entering sleep) until the next rising TOSC1 edge. The phase of the TOSC
clock after waking up from Power-save mode is essentially unpredictable, as it depends on
the wake-up time. The recommended procedure for reading TCNT2 is thus as follows:
1.
Write any value to either of the registers OCR2A or TCCR2A.
2.
Wait for the corresponding Update Busy Flag to be cleared.
3.
Read TCNT2.
During asynchronous operation, the synchronization of the Interrupt Flags for the asynchronous
timer takes 3 processor cycles plus one timer cycle. The timer is therefore advanced by at least
one before the processor can read the timer value causing the setting of the Interrupt Flag. The
Output Compare pin is changed on the timer clock and is not synchronized to the processor
clock.
17.10 Timer/Counter Prescaler
Figure 17-12. Prescaler for Timer/Counter2
The clock source for Timer/Counter2 is named clk
T2S. clkT2S is by default connected to the main
system I/O clock clk
IO. By setting the AS2 bit in ASSR, Timer/Counter2 is asynchronously
clocked from the TOSC1 pin. This enables use of Timer/Counter2 as a Real Time Counter
(RTC). When AS2 is set, pins TOSC1 and TOSC2 are disconnected from Port C. A crystal can
then be connected between the TOSC1 and TOSC2 pins to serve as an independent clock
source for Timer/Counter2. The Oscillator is optimized for use with a 32.768kHz crystal. If apply-
ing an external clock on TOSC1, the EXCLK bit in ASSR must be set.
10-BIT T/C PRESCALER
TIMER/COUNTER2 CLOCK SOURCE
clk
I/O
clk
T2S
TOSC1
AS2
CS20
CS21
CS22
clk
T2S
/8
clk
T2S
/64
clk
T2S
/128
clk
T2S
/1024
clk
T2S
/256
clk
T2S
/32
0
PSR2
Clear
clk
T2