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    參數(shù)資料
    型號: PIC16C55AT-20E/SO
    廠商: Microchip Technology
    文件頁數(shù): 147/194頁
    文件大小: 0K
    描述: IC MCU OTP 512X12 28SOIC
    標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包裝: 1,600
    系列: PIC® 16C
    核心處理器: PIC
    芯體尺寸: 8-位
    速度: 20MHz
    外圍設(shè)備: POR,WDT
    輸入/輸出數(shù): 20
    程序存儲器容量: 768B(512 x 12)
    程序存儲器類型: OTP
    RAM 容量: 25 x 8
    電壓 - 電源 (Vcc/Vdd): 3 V ~ 5.5 V
    振蕩器型: 外部
    工作溫度: -40°C ~ 125°C
    封裝/外殼: 28-SOIC(0.295",7.50mm 寬)
    包裝: 帶卷 (TR)
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    PIC18F2450/4450
    DS39760A-page 54
    Advance Information
    2006 Microchip Technology Inc.
    5.1.1
    PROGRAM COUNTER
    The Program Counter (PC) specifies the address of the
    instruction to fetch for execution. The PC is 21 bits wide
    and is contained in three separate 8-bit registers. The
    low byte, known as the PCL register, is both readable
    and writable. The high byte, or PCH register, contains
    the PC<15:8> bits; it is not directly readable or writable.
    Updates to the PCH register are performed through the
    PCLATH register. The upper byte is called PCU. This
    register contains the PC<20:16> bits; it is also not
    directly readable or writable. Updates to the PCU
    register are performed through the PCLATU register.
    The contents of PCLATH and PCLATU are transferred
    to the program counter by any operation that writes
    PCL. Similarly, the upper two bytes of the program
    counter are transferred to PCLATH and PCLATU by an
    operation that reads PCL. This is useful for computed
    offsets to the PC (see Section 5.1.4.1 “Computed
    The PC addresses bytes in the program memory. To
    prevent the PC from becoming misaligned with word
    instructions, the Least Significant bit of PCL is fixed to
    a value of ‘0’. The PC increments by 2 to address
    sequential instructions in the program memory.
    The
    CALL
    ,
    RCALL
    and
    GOTO
    program
    branch
    instructions write to the program counter directly. For
    these instructions, the contents of PCLATH and
    PCLATU are not transferred to the program counter.
    5.1.2
    RETURN ADDRESS STACK
    The return address stack allows any combination of up
    to 31 program calls and interrupts to occur. The PC is
    pushed onto the stack when a CALL or RCALL
    instruction is executed or an interrupt is Acknowledged.
    The PC value is pulled off the stack on a RETURN,
    RETLW
    or a RETFIE instruction. PCLATU and PCLATH
    are not affected by any of the RETURN or CALL
    instructions.
    The stack operates as a 31-word by 21-bit RAM and a
    5-bit Stack Pointer, STKPTR. The stack space is not
    part of either program or data space. The Stack Pointer
    is readable and writable and the address on the top of
    the stack is readable and writable through the Top-of-
    Stack Special Function Registers. Data can also be
    pushed to, or popped from the stack, using these
    registers.
    A CALL type instruction causes a push onto the stack.
    The Stack Pointer is first incremented and the location
    pointed to by the Stack Pointer is written with the
    contents of the PC (already pointing to the instruction
    following the CALL). A RETURN type instruction causes
    a pop from the stack. The contents of the location
    pointed to by the STKPTR are transferred to the PC
    and then the Stack Pointer is decremented.
    The Stack Pointer is initialized to ‘00000’ after all
    Resets. There is no RAM associated with the location
    corresponding to a Stack Pointer value of ‘00000’; this
    is only a Reset value. Status bits indicate if the stack is
    full, has overflowed or has underflowed.
    5.1.2.1
    Top-of-Stack Access
    Only the top of the return address stack (TOS) is
    readable and writable. A set of three registers,
    TOSU:TOSH:TOSL, hold the contents of the stack loca-
    tion pointed to by the STKPTR register (Figure 5-2). This
    allows users to implement a software stack if necessary.
    After a CALL, RCALL or interrupt, the software can read
    the pushed value by reading the TOSU:TOSH:TOSL
    registers. These values can be placed on a user-defined
    software stack. At return time, the software can return
    these values to TOSU:TOSH:TOSL and do a return.
    The user must disable the global interrupt enable bits
    while accessing the stack to prevent inadvertent stack
    corruption.
    FIGURE 5-2:
    RETURN ADDRESS STACK AND ASSOCIATED REGISTERS
    00011
    001A34h
    11111
    11110
    11101
    00010
    00001
    00000
    00010
    Return Address Stack<20:0>
    Top-of-Stack
    000D58h
    TOSL
    TOSH
    TOSU
    34h
    1Ah
    00h
    STKPTR<4:0>
    Top-of-Stack Registers
    Stack Pointer
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