2000 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS40197B-page 3
PIC16HV540
1.0
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The PIC16HV540 from Microchip Technology is a low-
cost, high-performance, 8-bit, fully-static, EPROM-
based CMOS microcontroller. It is pin and software
compatible with the PIC16C5X family of devices. It
employs a RISC architecture with only 33 single word/
single cycle instructions. All instructions are single
cycle except for program branches, which take two
cycles. The PIC16HV540 delivers performance an
order of magnitude higher than its competitors in the
same price category. The 12-bit wide instructions are
highly orthogonal resulting in 2:1 code compression
over other 8-bit microcontrollers in its class. The easy-
to-use and easy-to-remember instruction set reduces
development time significantly.
The PIC16HV540 is the first One-Time-Programmable
(OTP) microcontroller with an on-chip 3 volt and 5 volt
regulator. This eliminates the need for an external reg-
ulator in many applications powered from 9 Volt or 12
Volt batteries or unregulated 6 volt, 9 volt or 12 volt
mains adapters. The PIC16HV540 is ideally suited for
applications that require very low standby current at
high voltages. These typically require expensive low
current regulators.
The PIC16HV540 is equipped with special features that
reduce system cost and power requirements. The Power-
On Reset (POR) and Device Reset Timer (DRT) eliminate
the need for external reset circuitry. There are four oscilla-
tor configurations to choose from, including the power-
saving LP (Low Power) oscillator, cost saving RC oscilla-
tor, and XT and HS for crystal oscillators. Power saving
SLEEP mode, Watchdog Timer and code protection fea-
tures improve system cost, power and reliability.
The UV erasable CERDIP packaged versions are ideal
for code development, while the cost-effective OTP ver-
sions are suitable for production in any volume. The
customer can take full advantage of Microchip’s price
leadership in OTP microcontrollers, while benefiting
from the OTP’s flexibility.
The PIC16HV540 is supported by a full-featured macro
assembler, a software simulator, an in-circuit emulator,
a low-cost development programmer, and a full fea-
tured programmer. All the tools are supported on IBM
PC and compatible machines.
1.1
Applications
The PIC16HV540 fits in low-power battery applications
such as CO and smoke detection, toys, games, secu-
rity systems and automobile modules. The EPROM
technology makes customizing of application programs
(transmitter
codes,
receiver
frequencies,
etc.)
extremely fast and convenient. The small footprint
package, for through hole or surface mounting, make
this microcontroller suitable for applications with space
limitations. Low-cost, low-power, high-performance,
ease of use and I/O flexibility make the PIC16HV540
very versatile even in areas where no microcontroller
use has been considered before (e.g., timer functions,
replacement of “glue” logic in larger systems, copro-
cessor applications).
1.2
Enhanced Features
1.2.1
REGULATED I/O PORTA INDEPENDENT
OF CORE REGULATOR
PORTA I/O pads and OSC2 output are powered by the
regulated internal voltage VIO. A maximum of 10mA per
output is allowed, or a total of 40mA. The core itself is
powered from the independently regulated supply
VREG.
1.2.2
HIGH VOLTAGE I/O PORTB
All eight PORTB I/Os are high voltage I/O. The inputs
will tolerate input voltages as high as the VDD and out-
puts will swing from VSS to the VDD. The input threshold
voltages vary with supply voltage. (See Electrical
Characteristics.)
1.2.3
WAKE-UP ON PIN CHANGE ON PORTB
[0:3]
Four of the PORTB inputs latch the status of the pin at
the onset of sleep mode. A level change on the inputs
resets the device, implementing wake up on pin change
(via warm reset). The PCWUF bit in the status register
is reset to indicate that a pin change caused the reset
condition. Any pin change (glitch insensitive) of the
opposite level of the initial value wakes up the device.
This option can be enabled/disabled in OPTION2 reg-
1.2.4
WAKE-UP ON PIN CHANGE WITH A
SLOWLY-RISING VOLTAGE ON PORTB [7]
PORTB [7] also implements wake up from sleep, how-
ever this input is specifically adapted so that a slowly
rising voltage does not cause excessive power con-
sumption. This input can be used with external RC cir-
cuits for long sleep periods without using the internal
timer and prescaler. This option is also enabled/dis-
abled in OPTION2 register. (The enable/disable bit is
shared with the other 4 wake-up inputs.) The PCWUF
bit in the status register is also shared with the other
four wake-up inputs.
1.2.5
LOW-VOLTAGE (BROWN-OUT)
DETECTION
A low voltage (Brown-out) detect circuit optionally
resets the device at a voltage level higher than that at
which the PICmicro device stops operating. The nom-
inal trip voltages are 3.1 volts (for 5 volt operation) and
2.2 volt (for 3 volt operation), respectively. The core
remains in the reset state as long as this condition
holds (as if a MCLR external reset was given). The
Brown-out trip level is user selectable, with built-in inter-
locks. The Brown-out detector is disabled at power-up
and is activated by clearing the appropriate bit
(BODEN) in OPTION2 register.