TC646B/TC648B/TC649B
DS21755B-page 24
2003 Microchip Technology Inc.
Step 2: Selecting the Fan Controller.
The requirements for the fan controller are that it have
auto-shutdown capability at 20C and also indicate a
fan fault condition. No over-temperature indication is
necessary. From these specifications, the proper
selection is the TC649B device.
Step 3: Setting the PWM Frequency.
The fan is rated at 4200 RPM with a 12V input. The
goal is to run to a 40% duty cycle (roughly 40% fan
speed), which equates to approximately 1700 RPM. At
1700 RPM, one full fan revolution occurs every
35 msec. The fan being used is a four-pole fan that
gives four current pulses per revolution. With this infor-
mation, and viewing test results at 40% duty cycle, two
fan current pulses were always seen during the PWM
on time with a PWM frequency of 30 Hz. For this rea-
son, the CF value is selected to be 1.0 F.
Step 4: Setting the VIN Voltage.
From the design criteria, the desired duty cycle at 20C
is 40% and full fan speed should be reached at 40C.
Based on a VIN voltage range of 1.20V to 2.60V, which
represents 0% to 100% duty cycle, the 40% duty cycle
voltage can be found using the following equation:
EQUATION
Using the above equation, the VIN values are
calculated to be:
-VIN (40%) = 1.76V
-VIN (100%) = 2.60V
Using these values along with the thermistor resistance
values calculated earlier, the R1 and R2 resistor values
can now be calculated using the following equation:
EQUATION
RTEMP is the parallel combination of R1 and the ther-
mistor. V(T1) represents the VIN voltage at 20C and
V(T2) represents the VIN voltage at 40C. Solving the
equations simultaneously yields the following values
(VDD = 5V):
-R1 = 238,455
-R2 = 45,161
Using standard 1% resistor values, the selected R1 and
R2 values are:
-R1 = 237 k
-R2 = 45.3 k
A graph of the VIN voltage, thermistor resistance and
RTEMP resistance versus temperature for this
FIGURE 5-10:
Thermistor Resistance, VIN
and RTEMP vs. Temperature
Step 5: Setting the Auto-Shutdown Voltage (VAS).
Setting the voltage for the auto-shutdown is done using
a simple resistor voltage divider. The criteria for the
voltage divider in this design is that it draw no more
than 100 A of current. The required auto-shutdown
voltage was determined earlier in the selection of the
VIN voltage at 40% duty cycle, since this was also set
at the temperature that auto-shutdown is to occur
(20C).
-VAS = 1.76V
Given this desired setpoint and knowing the desired
divider current, the following equations can be used to
solve for the resistor values for R3 and R4:
EQUATION
Using the equations above, the resistor values for R3
and R4 are found to be:
-R3 = 32.4 k
-R4 = 17.6 k
Using standard 1% resistor values yields the following
values:
-R3 = 32.4 k
-R4 = 17.8 k
VIN = (DC * 1.4V) + 1.20V
DC = Desired Duty Cycle
VT1
()
VDD R2
×
RTEMP T1
() R2
+
------------------------------------------
=
VT2
()
VDD R2
×
RTEMP T2
() R2
+
------------------------------------------
=
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0
1020
3040
5060
7080
90
Temperature (C)
Network
Resistance
(k
)
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
5.00
V
IN
(V)
VIN
NTC Thermistor
100 k @ 25C
RTEMP
IDIV =
5V
R3 + R4
VAS =
5V * R4
R3 + R4