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Table 1. I2C Slave Device Addresses for I2C_ADR1, I2C_ADR0 Settings
I2C_ADR1
I2C_ADR0
Device Address
0
0011 000
0
1
0011 001
1
0
0011 010
1
0011 011
I2C is a two-wire, open-drain interface supporting multiple devices and masters on a single bus. Devices on the
I2C bus only drive the bus lines LOW by connecting them to ground; they never drive the bus lines HIGH.
Instead, the bus wires are pulled HIGH by pullup resistors, so the bus wires are HIGH when no device is driving
them LOW. This way, two devices cannot conflict; if two devices drive the bus simultaneously, there is no driver
contention.
Communication on the I2C bus always takes place between two devices, one acting as the master and the other
acting as the slave. Both masters and slaves can read and write, but slaves can only do so under the direction of
the master. Some I2C devices can act as masters or slaves, but the TLV320ADC3101 can only act as a slave
device.
An I2C bus consists of two lines, SDA and SCL. SDA carries data; SCL provides the clock. All data is transmitted
across the I2C bus in groups of eight bits. To send a bit on the I2C bus, the SDA line is driven to the appropriate
level while SCL is LOW (a LOW on SDA indicates the bit is 0; a HIGH indicates the bit is 1). Once the SDA line
has settled, the SCL line is brought HIGH, then LOW. This pulse on SCL clocks the SDA bit into the receiver
shift register.
The I2C bus is bidirectional: the SDA line is used both for transmitting and receiving data. When a master reads
from a slave, the slave drives the data line; when a master sends to a slave, the master drives the data line.
Under normal circumstances, the master drives the clock line.
Most of the time the bus is idle, no communication is taking place, and both lines are HIGH. When
communication is taking place, the bus is active. Only master devices can start a communication. They do this by
causing a START condition on the bus. Normally, the data line is only allowed to change state while the clock
line is LOW. If the data line changes state while the clock line is HIGH, it is either a START condition or its
counterpart, a STOP condition. A START condition is when the clock line is HIGH and the data line goes from
HIGH to LOW. A STOP condition is when the clock line is HIGH and the data line goes from LOW to HIGH.
After the master issues a START condition, it sends a byte that indicates the slave device with which it is to
communicate. This byte is called the address byte. Each device on an I2C bus has a unique 7-bit address to
which it responds. (Slaves can also have 10-bit addresses; see the I2C specification for details.) The master
sends an address in the address byte, together with a bit that indicates whether it is to read from or write to the
slave device.
Every byte transmitted on the I2C bus, whether it is address or data, is acknowledged with an acknowledge bit.
When a master has finished sending a byte (eight data bits) to a slave, it stops driving SDA and waits for the
slave to acknowledge the byte. The slave acknowledges the byte by pulling SDA LOW. The master then sends a
clock pulse to clock the acknowledge bit. Similarly, when a master has finished reading a byte, it pulls SDA LOW
to acknowledge this to the slave. It then sends a clock pulse to clock the bit.
A not-acknowledge is performed by leaving SDA HIGH during an acknowledge cycle. If a device is not present
on the bus, and the master attempts to address it, it receives a not-acknowledge because no device is present at
that address to pull the line LOW.
When a master has finished communicating with a slave, it may issue a STOP condition. When a STOP
condition is issued, the bus becomes idle again. A master may also issue another START condition. When a
START condition is issued while the bus is active, it is called a repeated START condition.
The TLV320ADC3101 also responds to and acknowledges a general call, which consists of the master issuing a
command with a slave address byte of 00h.
Copyright 2008–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated
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