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Efficiency of a BTL amplifier +
P
L
P
SUP
where:
P
L +
V
L
rms2
R
L
, and V
LRMS +
V
P
2
, therefore, P
L +
V
P
2
2R
L
PL = Power delivered to load
PSUP = Power drawn from power supply
VLRMS = RMS voltage on BTL load
RL = Load resistance
VP = Peak voltage on BTL load
IDDavg = Average current drawn from the
power supply
VDD = Power supply voltage
ηBTL = Efficiency of a BTL amplifier
and PSUP + VDD IDDavg and IDDavg +
1
p
0
V
P
R
L
sin(t) dt
+
1
p
V
P
R
L
[cos(t)]
p
0 +
2V
P
p
R
L
Therefore,
P
SUP +
2 V
DD
V
P
p
R
L
substituting PL and PSUP into equation 6,
Efficiency of a BTL amplifier +
V
P
2
2 R
L
2 V
DD VP
p
R
L
+
p
V
P
4 V
DD
V
P +
2 P
L
R
L
where:
(6)
hBTL +
p
2 P
L
R
L
4 V
DD
Therefore,
(7)
P
D max +
2 V2
D D
p 2
R
L
(8)
Θ
JA
+
1
Derating Factor
+
1
0.0088
+ 113
°C W
(9)
T
A Max + TJ Max * ΘJA PDmax
+ 125 * 113(0.634) + 53.3°C
(10)
TPA6203A1
SLOS364D – MARCH 2002 – REVISED JULY 2005
is how to manipulate the terms in the efficiency
equation to the utmost advantage when possible.
Note that in Equation 7, VDD is in the denominator.
This indicates that as VDD goes down, efficiency goes
up.
A simple formula for calculating the maximum power
Table 2. Efficiency and Maximum Ambient Tem-
dissipated, PDmax, may be used for a differential
perature vs Output Power in 5-V 8-
BTL Systems
output application:
Power
Max
Output
Internal
Efficiency
From
Ambient
Power
Dissipation
(%)
Supply
Temperature
(W)
(
°C)
0.25
31.4
0.55
0.75
62
PDmax for a 5-V, 8- system is 634 mW.
0.50
44.4
0.62
1.12
54
The maximum ambient temperature depends on the
1.00
62.8
0.59
1.59
58
heat sinking ability of the PCB system. The derating
1.25
70.2
0.53
1.78
65
factor for the 2 mm x 2 mm Microstar Junior
package is shown in the dissipation rating table.
Table 2 employs Equation 7 to calculate efficiencies Converting this to
θ
JA:
for four different output power levels. Note that the
efficiency of the amplifier is quite low for lower power
levels and rises sharply as power to the load is
increased resulting in a nearly flat internal power
Given
θ
JA, the maximum allowable junction tempera-
dissipation over the normal operating range. Note that
ture, and the maximum internal dissipation, the maxi-
the internal dissipation at full output power is less
mum ambient temperature can be calculated with the
than in the half power range. Calculating the ef-
following equation. The maximum recommended
ficiency for a specific system is the key to proper
junction temperature for the TPA6203A1 is 125
°C.
power supply design. For a 1.25-W audio system with
8-
loads and a 5-V supply, the maximum draw on
the power supply is almost 1.8 W.
A final point to remember about Class-AB amplifiers
Equation 10 shows that the maximum ambient tem-
perature is 53.3
°C at maximum power dissipation
with a 5-V supply.
13