SWITCHING FREQUENCY
OUTPUT FILTER COMPONENTS
Inductor Selection
R4(kW) +
500 kHz
s(kHz)
100 kW
(1)
INPUT CAPACITORS
0.8
x
F
I
K
V
)
V
(V
V
L
SW
OUT
IND
IN(MAX)
OUT
IN(MAX)
OUT
MIN
-
=
(4)
I
LMAX v
2
I
LIMIT(MIN) *
I
(MAX)
(5)
DVPVIN +
I
OUT(MAX)
0.25
C
BULK
sw )
I
OUT(MAX)
ESR
MAX
I
CIN +
I
OUT(MAX)
2
(3)
I
L(RMS) +
I2
OUT(MAX) )
1
12
V
OUT
V
in(MAX) *
V
OUT
V
IN(MAX)
L
OUT
Fsw
0.8
2
www.ti.com ............................................................................................................................................................................................ SLVS547 – FEBRUARY 2005
for 16 V, and the ripple current capacity is greater
than 3 A at the operating frequency of 700 kHz. Total
The switching frequency can be set to either one of
ripple current handling is in excess of 10.4 A. It is
two internally programmed frequencies or set to a
important that the maximum ratings for voltage and
externally programmed frequency. With the RT pin
current are not exceeded under any circumstance.
open, setting the SYNC pin at or above 2.5 V selects
550-kHz operation, while grounding or leaving the
SYNC pin open selects 350-kHz operation. For this
design,
the
switching
frequency
is
externally
Two components need to be selected for the output
programmed using the RT pin. By connecting a
filter, L1 and C2. Because the TPS54073 is an
resistor (R4) from RT to AGND, any frequency in the
externally compensated device, a wide range of filter
range of 250 kHz to 700 kHz can be set. Use
component types and values can be supported.
To calculate the minimum value of the output
In this example circuit, R4 is calculated to be 71.5 k
and the switching frequency is set at 700 kHz.
The
TPS54073
requires
an
input
de-coupling
KIND is a coefficient that represents the amount of
capacitor and, depending on the application, a bulk
inductor ripple current relative to the maximum output
input
capacitor.
The
minimum
value
for
the
current. For designs using low ESR output capacitors
de-coupling capacitor, C9, is 10
F. A high-quality
such as ceramics, use KIND = 0.3. When using higher
ceramic type X5R or X7R is recommended. The
ESR output capacitors, KIND = 0.2 yields better
voltage rating should be greater than the maximum
results. If designing for high output currents, the
input voltage. Additionally, some bulk capacitance
minimum current limit trip point must also be taken
may be needed, especially if the TPS54073 circuit is
into consideration when choosing the output inductor.
not located within approximately 2 inches from the
The minimum current limit trip point for the TPS54073
input voltage source. The value for this capacitor is
is 14.5 A. The maximum inductor ripple current can
not critical but it also should be rated to handle the
maximum input voltage including ripple voltage, and
should filter the output so that input ripple voltage is
acceptable.
This input ripple voltage can be approximated by
For a 14 A maximum output current, the peak-to-peak
inductor ripple current must be less than 1 A. This
FSW is the nominal switching frequency. Use 0.8
times the nominal switching frequency to account for
(2)
internal variations from the set frequency.
Where IOUT(MAX) is the maximum load current. sw is
The minimum inductor value is calculated to be 1.54
the switching frequency, C(BULK) is the bulk capacitor
H. A 2.2-H inductor which is slightly larger than the
value and ESRMAX is the maximum series resistance
minimum is selected.
of the bulk capacitor.
For the output filter inductor, it is important that the
The maximum RMS ripple current also needs to be
RMS current and saturation current ratings not be
checked. For worst-case conditions, this can be
exceeded. The RMS inductor current can be found
In this case, the input ripple voltage would be 329 mV
and the RMS ripple current would be 7 A. The
(6)
maximum voltage across the input capacitors would
be Vin max plus delta Vin/2. The chosen bulk
and the peak inductor current can be found from
capacitor, a Sanyo POSCAP 6TPD330M is rated for
6.3 V and 4.4 A of ripple current; two bypass
capacitors, TDK C3225X7R1C226KT are each rated
Copyright 2005, Texas Instruments Incorporated
11