I
L(PK)
I
=
+
x
OUT(MAX)
V
OUT
V
IN(MAX)
V
OUT
1.6
V
IN(MAX)
L
OUT
Fsw
0.8
I
COUT(RMS) +
1
12
V
OUT
V
PVIN(MAX) *
V
OUT
V
PVIN(MAX)
L
OUT
Fsw
Capacitor Requirements
ESR
MAX +
N
C
V
IN(MAX)
L
OUT
Fsw
0.8
V
OUT
V
IN(MAX) *
V
OUT
DVP*P(MAX)
Compensation Components
C
OUT(MIN) +
1
L
OUT
K
2p
CO
2
(8)
SLVS547 – FEBRUARY 2005 ............................................................................................................................................................................................ www.ti.com
(7)
(9)
For this design, the RMS inductor current is 14.001 A,
and the peak inductor current is 14.43 A. The Vishay
The calculated RMS ripple current is 201 mA in the
IHLP5050CZ-01 style output inductor with a value of
output capacitors.
2.2
H meets these current requirements. Increasing
The maximum ESR of the output capacitor is
the inductor value decreases the ripple current and
determined by the amount of allowable output ripple
the corresponding output ripple voltage. The inductor
as specified in the initial design parameters. The
value can be decreased if more margin in the RMS
output ripple voltage is the inductor ripple current
current is required. In general, inductor values for use
times the ESR of the output filter; therefore, the
with the TPS54073 falls in the range of 1
H to 3.3
maximum specified ESR as listed in the capacitor
H, depending on the maximum required output
current.
The important design factors for the output capacitor
are dc voltage rating, ripple current rating, and
(10)
equivalent series resistance (ESR). The dc voltage
and the maximum ESR required is 29 m
. A
and ripple current ratings cannot be exceeded. The
capacitor that meets these requirements is a Cornell
ESR is important because along with the inductor
Sanyo POSCAP 6TPD33M rated at 6.3 V with a
current it determines the amount of output ripple
maximum ESR of 0.015
and a ripple current rating
voltage. The actual value of the output capacitor is
of 2 A. An additional small 0.1-
F ceramic bypass
not critical, but some practical limits do exist.
capacitor C13 is a also used.
Consider
the
relationship
between
the
desired
closed-loop crossover frequency of the design and
Other capacitor types work well with the TPS54073,
LC corner frequency of the output filter. In general, it
depending on the needs of the application.
is desirable to keep the closed-loop crossover
frequency at less than 1/5 of the switching frequency.
With high switching frequencies such as the 700 kHz
The external compensation used with the TPS54073
frequency of this design, internal circuit limitations of
allows for a wide range of output filter configurations.
the TPS54073 limit the practical maximum crossover
A large range of capacitor values and types of
frequency to about 70 kHz. To allow for adequate
dielectric are supported. The design example uses
phase gain in the compensation network, the LC
Type-3 compensation consisting of R1, R3, R5, C6,
corner frequency should be about one decade or so
C7, and C8. Additionally, R2 along with R1 forms a
below the closed-loop crossover frequency. This
voltage divider network that sets the output voltage.
limits the minimum capacitor value for the output filter
These component reference designators are the
to:
same
as
those
used
in
the
SWIFT
Designer
Software. There are a number of different ways to
design a compensation network. This procedure
outlines a relatively simple procedure that produces
good results with most output filter combinations. Use
Where K is the frequency multiplier for the spread
the SWIFT Designer Software for designs with
between fLC and fCO. K should be between 5 and 15,
unusually high closed-loop crossover frequencies,
typically 10 for one decade difference. For a desired
low value, low ESR output capacitors such as
crossover of 40-kHz and a 2.2-
H inductor, the
ceramics or if you are unsure about the design
minimum value for the output capacitor is 304
F
procedure.
using a minimum K factor of 6.5. Increasing the K
When designing compensation networks for the
factor would require using a larger capacitance. The
TPS54073,
a
number
of
factors
need
to
be
selected output capacitor must be rated for a voltage
considered. The gain of the compensated error
greater than the desired output voltage plus one half
amplifier should not be limited by the open-loop
the ripple voltage. Any de-rating amount must also be
amplifier gain characteristics and should not produce
included. The maximum RMS ripple current in the
excessive gain at the switching frequency. Also, the
closed-loop crossover frequency should be set less
than one-fifth of the switching frequency, and the
12
Copyright 2005, Texas Instruments Incorporated