參數資料
型號: TSPC603RVGS6LC
英文描述: MICROPROCESSOR|32-BIT|CMOS|BGA|255PIN|CERAMIC
中文描述: 微處理器| 32位|的CMOS | BGA封裝| 255PIN |陶瓷
文件頁數: 29/42頁
文件大小: 961K
代理商: TSPC603RVGS6LC
29
TSPC603R
2125A–12/01
Cache Implementation
The following subsections describe the PowerPC architecture’s treatment of cache in general,
and the 603r specific implementation, respectively.
PowerPC Cache Characteristics
The PowerPC architecture does not define hardware aspects of cache implementations. For
example, some PowerPC processors, including the 603r, have separate instruction and data
caches (hardware architecture), while others, such as the PowerPC 601
microprocessor,
implement a unified cache.
PowerPC microprocessor control the following memory access modes on a page or block
basis:
Write-back/write-through mode.
Cache-inhibited mode.
Memory coherency.
Note that in the 603r, a cache line is defined as eight words. The VEA defines cache manage-
ment instructions that provide a means by which the application programmer can affect the
cache contents.
PowerPC 603r Microprocessor Cache Implementation
The 603r has two 16-Kbyte, four-way set-associative (instruction and data) caches. The
caches are physically addressed, and the data cache can operate in either write-back or
write-through mode as specified by the PowerPC architecture.
The data cache is configured as 128 sets of 4 lines each. Each line consists of 32 bytes, two
state bits, and an address tag. The two state bits implement the three-state MEI (modi-
fied/exclusive/invalid) protocol. Each line contains eight 32-bit words. Note that the PowerPC
architecture defines the term block as the cacheable unit. For the 603r, the block size is equiv-
alent to a cache line. A block diagram of the data cache organization is shown in Figure 14.
The instruction cache also consists of 128 sets of 4 lines, and each line consists of 32 bytes,
an address tag, and a valid bit. The instruction cache may not be written to except through a
line fill operation. The instruction cache is not snooped, and cache coherency must be main-
tained by software. A fast hardware invalidation capability is provided to support cache
maintenance. The organization of the instruction cache is very similar to the data cache shown
in Figure 14.
Each cache line contains eight contiguous words from memory that are loaded from an 8-word
boundary (that is, bits A27-A32 of the effective addresses are zero); thus, a cache line never
crosses a page boundary. Misaligned accesses across a page boundary can incur a perfor-
mance penalty.
The 603’s cache lines are loaded in four beats of 64 bits each. The burst load is performed as
“critical double word first”. The cache that is being loaded is blocked to internal accesses until
the load completes. The critical double word is simultaneously written to the cache and for-
warded to the requesting unit, thus minimizing stalls due to load delays.
To ensure coherency among caches in a multiprocessor (or multiple caching-device) imple-
mentation, the 603r implemements the MEI protocol. These three states, modified, exclusive,
and invalid, indicate the state of the cache block as follows:
Modified
- The cache line is modified with respect to system memory; that is, data for this
address is valid only in the cache and not in system memory.
Exclusive
- This cache line holds valid data that is identical to the data at this address in
system memory. No other cache has this data.
Invalid
- This cache line does not hold valid data.
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