
9
3650/52
The effects of temperature may be analyzed by replacing the
offset terms with their corresponding temperature gradient
terms:
VOUT VOUT/T, EOSI EOSI/T, etc.
For a complete analysis of the effects of temperature, gain
variations must also be considered.
OUTPUT NOISE
The total output noise is given by:
EN (RMS) = √(ENIG)2 + (ENO)2
where EN (RMS) = Total output noise
ENI = RMS noise of the input stage
ENO = RMS noise of the output stage
G = 106/(RG1 + RG2)
ENO includes the noise contribution due to the optics and the
noise currents of the output stage. Errors created by the noise
current of the input stage are insignificant compared to other
noise sources and are therefore omitted.
FIGURE 6c. 3652 with Differential Voltage Sources.
FIGURE 7. DC Error Analysis Model for 3650.
I
1 = I2 = I3 = I4
A
1
–
R
G2
+
–
R
G1
I
B1
I
B2
E
OSI
C (Input)
A
2
–
+
1M
E
OSO
I
3
λ
I
4
C (Output)
Optics
I
1
I
2
2R
G1
106 E
OSI
+
C
R
G1
R
G2
R
IN
V
ISO
V
1
11
10
12
17
(1)
V
OUT
–
23
+
–
C
NOTE: (1) The offset adjustment circutry and power supply connections
have been omitted for simplicity. Refer to Figure 5 for details.
106
R
G1 + RG2 + RIN + RO
V
OUT = (V1 – V2) +
V
ISO
IMRR
A
1
A
2
R
O
2
R
O
2
6
4
3
1
8
9
V
2
–I
R
+I
R
+I
–I
+0
–0
106
R
G1 + RG2
total output error voltage due to offset voltages and bias
currents.
VOUT-TOTAL =
[EOSI + (IB1 RGI – IB2 RG2)]+ EOSO (1)
Offset current is defined as the difference between the two
bias currents IB1 and IB2. If IB1 = IB and IB2 = IB +IOSI
then, for RG1 = RG2, VOUT – IB =
This component of error is not a function of gain and is
therefore included as a part of EOSO specifications. The
output errors due to the output stage bias current are also
included in EOSO. This results in a very simple equation for
the total error:
VOUT-TOTAL =
+ EOSO (for RG1 = RG2).
(2)
In summary, it should be noted that equation (2) should be
used only when RG1 = RG2. When RG1 ≠ RG2, equation (1)
applies.
2
106 I
OS