![](http://datasheet.mmic.net.cn/240000/AB-053_datasheet_15643799/AB-053_3.png)
3
An application example is shown in Figure 9. The photo-
diode is modeled with a parasitic capacitance of 1000pF and
parasitic resistance of 50M
. The integration capacitor used
in the feedback loop of the op amp in the ACF2101 is equal
to 100pF. The 20-bit, 40kHz ADC750 A/D converter block
diagram is shown in Figure 10. Extreme care should be
taken to properly guard the high impedance input pins of the
ACF2101 in order to reduce the possibility of coupled noise
into the signal.
The design trade-off for improved noise performance of the
switched integrator is a slight degradation in the linearity
performance of the photodetector. The current from the
sensing device will cause an IR drop across R
. This IR drop
will impress a voltage across the sensor, causing a small
degree of dark current to start to conduct. As shown in
Figure 8, the pole generated by the additional resistor, R
N
, is
equal to:
The pole is directly affected by the value of R
and C
1
(photodetector parasitic capacitance). Higher values for C
1
will reduce the noise without compromising the linearity
performance of the photodetector. The overall circuit perfor-
mance is best optimized when the photodetector parasitic
capacitance, C
1
, is 200pF or greater.
The ACF2101 switched integrator is optimized for good
noise and bandwidth performance for low-level input cur-
rents. The addition of a resistor in series with the photodiode
further improves the noise performance without sacrificing
bandwidth.
To further improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the ACF2101
switched integrator, a resistor can be added in series with the
sensor, as shown in Figure 7. This additional resistor, R
N
, in
series with R
HOLD
, adds a pole/zero pair at higher frequen-
cies. When R
N
, the pole/zero pair generated by
HOLD switch on-resistance (R
HOLD
= 1.5k
) occurs at
frequencies close to the open loop gain of the amplifier. As
shown in the bode plot in Figure 8, R
N
plus R
HOLD
attenuates
high frequency noise.
FIGURE 7. The ACF2101 Switched Integrator with an
Additional Resistor, R
N
, Added in Series with
the Photodiode to Reduce Noise.
FIGURE 8. Noise Gain Plots of ACF2101 with an Addi-
tional Resistor, R
N
, in Series with the Photo-
diode.
V
OUT
C
INT
1/2 ACF2101
Photodiode
R
HOLD
R
RESET
C
1
R
1
R
N
10
40
30
20
10
0
–10
Frequency (Hz)
100
1k
10k
100k
1M
10M
G
Op Amp Open
Loop Gain
ACF2101 Noise Gain
C
1
= 1000pF
R
1
= 50M
R
RESET
= 1000G
C
INT
= 100pF
R
N
= 3.1k
R
N
= 31k
R
N
= 1k
R
N
= 100k
R
N
= 10k
Pole
Pole
=
R
N
+
R
1
+
R
HOLD
2
π
R
1
(
R
N
+
R
HOLD
)
C
1
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