參數(shù)資料
型號: AD9849AKSTZ
廠商: Analog Devices Inc
文件頁數(shù): 21/32頁
文件大?。?/td> 0K
描述: IC CCD SIGNAL PROC 12BIT 48LQFP
標準包裝: 1
類型: CCD 信號處理器,12 位
輸入類型: 邏輯
輸出類型: 邏輯
接口: 3 線串口
安裝類型: 表面貼裝
封裝/外殼: 48-LQFP
供應(yīng)商設(shè)備封裝: 48-LQFP(7x7)
包裝: 托盤
REV. A
AD9848/AD9849
–28–
Variable Gain Amplifier
The VGA stage provides a gain range of 2 dB to 36 dB, program-
mable with 10-bit resolution through the serial digital interface.
Combined with 4 dB from the PxGA stage, the total gain range for
the AD9848/AD9849 is 6 dB to 40 dB. The minimum gain of 6 dB
is needed to match a 1 V input signal with the ADC full-scale
range of 2 V. When compared to 1 V full-scale systems (such as
ADI’s AD9803), the equivalent gain range is 0 dB to 34 dB.
The VGA gain curve is divided into two separate regions. When
the VGA Gain Register code is between 0 and 511, the curve follows
a (1 + x)/(1 – x) shape, which is similar to a “l(fā)inear-in-dB”
characteristic. From code 512 to code 1023, the curve follows a
“l(fā)inear-in-dB” shape. The exact VGA gain can be calculated for
any Gain Register value by using the following two equations:
Code Range
Gain Equation (dB)
0–511
Gain = 20 log10 ([658 + code]/[658 – code]) – 0.4
512–1023
Gain = (0.0354)(code) – 0.04
VGA GAIN REGISTER CODE
36
0
VGA
GAIN
dB
127
255
383
511
639
767
895
1023
30
24
18
12
6
0
Figure 20. VGA Gain Curve (Gain from PxGA Not Included)
Optical Black Clamp
The optical black clamp loop removes residual offsets in the signal
chain to track low frequency variations in the CCD’s black level.
During the optical black (shielded) pixel interval on each line,
the ADC output is compared with a fixed black level reference,
selected by the user in the Clamp Level Register. The value can
be programmed between 0 LSB and 63.75 LSB on the AD9848
and between 0 LSB and 255 LSB on the AD9849. The clamp
level can be programmed with 8-bit resolution. The resulting
error signal is filtered to reduce noise, and the correction value is
applied to the ADC input through a D/A converter. Normally,
the optical black clamp loop is turned on once per horizontal line,
but this loop can be updated more slowly to suit a particular
application. If external digital clamping is used during the post
processing, the AD9848/AD9849 optical black clamping may be
disabled using Bit D2 in the OPRMODE Register. When the
loop is disabled, the Clamp Level Register may still be used to
provide programmable offset adjustment.
The CLPOB pulse should be placed during the CCD’s optical
black pixels. It is recommended that the CLPOB pulse duration be
at least 20 pixels wide to minimize clamp noise. Shorter pulse-
widths may be used, but clamp noise may increase, and the
ability to track low frequency variations in the black level will be
reduced. See the section on Horizontal Clamping and Blanking and
also the Applications Information section for timing examples.
A/D Converter
The AD9848/AD9849 uses high performance 10-bit/12-bit
ADC architecture, optimized for high speed and low power.
Differential Nonlinearity (DNL) performance is typically better
than 0.5 LSB. The ADC uses a 2 V input range. Better noise
performance results from using a larger ADC full-scale range.
See TPC 1 to TPC 4 for typical linearity and noise performance
plots for the AD9848/AD9849.
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
External Circuit Configuration
The AD9848/AD9849 recommended circuit configuration for
External Mode is shown in Figure 21. All signals should be
carefully routed on the PCB to maintain low noise performance. The
CCD output signal should be connected to Pin 29 through a
0.1
F capacitor. The CCD timing signals H1–H4 and RG should
be routed directly to the CCD with minimum trace lengths, as
shown in Figures 22a and 22b. The digital outputs and clock
inputs are located on Pins 1–12 and Pins 36–48 and should be
connected to the digital ASIC, away from the analog and CCD
clock signals. The CLI signal from the ASIC may be routed
under the package to Pin 23. This will help separate the CLI
signal from the H1–H4 and RG signal routing.
Grounding and Decoupling Recommendations
As shown in Figure 21, a single ground plane is recommended
for the AD9848/AD9849. This ground plane should be as con-
tinuous as possible, particularly around Pins 25–35. This will
ensure that all analog decoupling capacitors provide the lowest
possible impedance path between the power and bypass pins
and their respective ground pins. All decoupling capacitors
should be located as close as possible to the package pins. Plac-
ing series resistors close to the digital output pins (Pins 1–12,
47–48) may help reduce digital code transition noise. If the
digital outputs must drive a load larger than 20 pF, buffering is
recommended to minimize additional noise.
Power supply decoupling is very important for low noise performance.
Figure 21 shows the local high frequency decoupling capacitors,
but additional capacitance is recommended for lower frequencies.
Additional capacitors and ferrite beads can further reduce noise.
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