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IXR100
9
5. Control relative humidity to as high a value as practical
(50% recommended).
RTD APPLICATIONS
The IXR100 has been designed with RTD applications
specifically in mind. The following information provides
additional information for those applications.
TWO- AND THREE-WIRE CONNECTIONS
The IXR100 performs well with two-wire and three-wire
RTD connections commonly encountered in industrial moni-
toring and control.
In two-wire applications, the voltage drop between the RTD
and the IXR100 can be nulled by proper adjustment of R
Z
,
but care must be taken that this voltage drop does not vary
with ambient conditions. Such variation will appear as an
apparent variation in the RTD resistance and therefore as a
change in measured temperature. Also, the linearity correc-
tion will interpret this change as a variation and attempt to
linearize both the actual RTD signal and the resistance
changes in the signal lines. For these reasons, the line
resistance between the RTD and the IXR100 should be
minimized by keeping line lengths short and/or using large-
gauge wires. This limitation does not apply for three-wire
connections.
In three-wire applications, shown in Figure 7, the RTD and
R
Z
lead arrangements set up a pseudo-Kelvin connection to
the RTD. This occurs because the currents through the three
wires are set up in opposing directions and cancel IR drops
in the RTD leads. The current sources are both modulated
equally, so that use of the linearity correction does not affect
the cancellation. This action is true so long as the three wires
are of the same length and gauge. Because most RTD leads
are twisted and bundled, this requirement is usually met with
no difficulty. Care must be taken that intermediate connec-
tions such as screw terminals do not violate this assumption
by introducing unequal line resistances.
RTD ZERO ELEVATION AND SUPPRESSION
The IXR100 may be operated in zero-elevated and zero-
suppressed ranges by simply offsetting R
Z
. It may also be
used in increase-decrease applications by interchanging the
physical locations of the RTD and R
Z
as shown in Figure 8.
Use the same values of R
Z
, R
LIN
and R
S
. Again, because the
current sources are matched and are modulated equally, this
connection has no effect on IXR100 performance, especially
in three-wire applications.
OPEN CIRCUIT DETECTION
In some applications of the IXR100, the RTD will be located
remotely. In these cases, it is possible for open circuits to
develop. The IXR100 responds in the following manner to
breaks in each lead. The following connections refer to the
RTD connections shown in Figure 7.
TERMINAL OPEN
I
OUT(1)
1
2
3
32mA
3.6mA
32mA
NOTE: (1) Approximate value.
FIGURE 7. Basic 3-Wire RTD Connection for Increase-Increase Action.
+
–
4
1
3
7
6
2
R
S
V
IN
+
–
IXR100
R = 3.9k
5
0.4mA
0.01μF
0.4mA
D
1
Three-wire Connection
R
Z
RTD
1
3
2
9
8
R
LIN
1N4148
R
L
–
+
V
OUT
+V
S
4-20mA
28
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