參數(shù)資料
型號: LTC1708-PG
廠商: Linear Technology Corporation
英文描述: Dual Adjustable 5-Bit VID High Efficiency, 2-Phase Current Mode Synchronous Buck Regulator Controller
中文描述: 可調(diào)式雙5位VID高效率,2相電流模式同步降壓穩(wěn)壓控制器
文件頁數(shù): 16/32頁
文件大小: 358K
代理商: LTC1708-PG
16
LTC1708-PG
APPLICATIU
input capacitors, but each has drawbacks: ceramic voltage
coefficients are very high and may have audible piezoelec-
tric effects; tantalums need to be surge-rated; OS-CONs
suffer from higher inductance, larger case size and limited
surface-mount applicability; electrolytics’ higher ESR and
dryout possibility require several to be used. Multiphase
systems allow the lowest amount of capacitance overall.
As little as one 22
μ
F or two to three 10
μ
F ceramic capaci-
tors are an ideal choice in a 20W to 35W power supply due
to their extremely low ESR. Even though the capacitance
at 20V is substantially below their rating at zero-bias, very
low ESR loss makes ceramics an ideal candidate for
highest efficiency battery operated systems. Also con-
sider parallel ceramic and high quality electrolytic capaci-
tors as an effective means of achieving ESR and bulk
capacitance goals.
In continuous mode, the source current of the top N-chan-
nel MOSFET is a square wave of duty cycle V
OUT
/V
IN
. To
prevent large voltage transients, a low ESR input capacitor
sized for the maximum RMS current of one channel must
be used. The maximum RMS capacitor current is given by:
W
U
U
C
quiredI
I
V
V
V
V
IN
RMS
MAX
OUT
IN
OUT
IN
Re
/
(
)
[
]
1 2
This formula has a maximum at V
IN
= 2V
OUT
, where
I
RMS
= I
OUT
/2. This simple worst case condition is com-
monly used for design because even significant deviations
do not offer much relief. Note that capacitor manufacturer’s
ripple current ratings are often based on only 2000 hours
of life. This makes it advisable to further derate the
capacitor, or to choose a capacitor rated at a higher
temperature than required. Several capacitors may also be
paralleled to meet size or height requirements in the
design. Always consult the manufacturer if there is any
question.
The benefit of the LTC1708 multiphase can be calculated
by using the equation above for the higher power control-
ler and then calculating the loss that would have resulted
if both controller channels switch on at the same time. The
total RMS power lost is lower when both controllers are
operating due to the interleaving of current pulses through
the input capacitor’s ESR. This is why the input capacitor’s
requirement calculated above for the worst-case control-
ler is adequate for the dual controller design. Remember
that input protection fuse resistance, battery resistance
and PC board trace resistance losses are also reduced due
to the reduced peak currents in a multiphase system. The
overall benefit of a multiphase design will only be fully
realized when the source impedance of the power supply/
battery is included in the efficiency testing.The drains of
the two top MOSFETS should be placed within 1cm of each
other and share a common C
IN
(s). Separating the drains
and C
IN
may produce undesirable voltage and current
resonances at V
IN
.
The selection of C
OUT
is driven by the required effective
series resistance (ESR). Typically once the ESR require-
ment is satisfied the capacitance is adequate for filtering.
The output ripple (
V
OUT
) is determined by:
V
I ESR
fC
OUT
OUT
+
1
8
Where f = operating frequency, C
OUT
= output capacitance,
and
I
L
= ripple current in the inductor. The output ripple
is highest at maximum input voltage since
I
L
increases
with input voltage. With
I
L
= 0.3I
OUT(MAX)
the output
ripple will typically be less than 50mV at max V
IN
assum-
ing:
C
OUT
Recommended ESR < 2 R
SENSE
and C
OUT
> 1/(8fR
SENSE
)
The first condition relates to the ripple current into the ESR
of the output capacitance while the second term guaran-
tees that the output capacitance does not significantly
discharge during the operating frequency period due to
ripple current. The choice of using smaller output capaci-
tance increases the ripple voltage due to the discharging
term but can be compensated for by using capacitors of
very low ESR to maintain the ripple voltage at or below
50mV. The I
TH
pin OPTI-LOOP compensation compo-
nents can be optimized to provide stable, high perfor-
mance transient response regardless of the output
capacitors selected.
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