MPC9351 REVISION 6 JANUARY 31, 2013
9
2013 Integrated Device Technology, Inc.
MPC9351 Data Sheet
LOW VOLTAGE PLL CLOCK DRIVER
the 100 kHz to 20MHz range; therefore, the filter should be
designed to target this range. The key parameter that needs
to be met in the final filter design is the DC voltage drop
across the series filter resistor (RF). From the data sheet, the
ICCA current (the current sourced through the VCCA pin) is
typically 3mA (5mA maximum), assuming that a minimum of
2.325V (VCC =3.3V or VCC = 2.5V) must be maintained on
the VCCA pin. The resistor RF shown in Figure 7 must have a resistance of 270
(VCC = 3.3 V) or 9–10 (VCC =2.5 V) to
meet the voltage drop criteria.
Figure 7. VCCA Power Supply Filter
The minimum values for RF and the filter capacitor CF are
defined by the required filter characteristics. The RC filter
should provide an attenuation greater than 40 dB for noise
whose spectral content is above 100 kHz. In the example RC
filter shown in
Figure 7, the filter cut-off frequency is around
3–5 kHz, and the noise attenuation at 100 kHz is better than
42dB.
As the noise frequency crosses the series resonant point
of an individual capacitor, its overall impedance begins to
look inductive, and thus, increases with increasing frequency.
The parallel capacitor combination shown ensures that a low
impedance path to ground exists for frequencies well above
the bandwidth of the PLL. Although the MPC9351 has
several design features to minimize the susceptibility to
power supply noise (isolated power and grounds and fully
differential PLL), there still may be applications in which
overall performance is being degraded due to system power
supply noise. The power supply filter schemes discussed in
this section should be adequate to eliminate power supply
noise related problems in most designs.
Driving Transmission Lines
The MPC9351 clock driver was designed to drive high-
speed signals in a terminated transmission line environment.
To provide the optimum flexibility to the user, the output
drivers were designed to exhibit the lowest impedance
possible. With an output impedance of less than 20
the
drivers can drive either parallel or series terminated
transmission lines. For more information on transmission
lines the reader is referred to Freescale application note
AN1091. In most high performance clock networks,
point-to-point distribution of signals is the method of choice.
In a point-to-point scheme, either series terminated or parallel
terminated transmission lines can be used. The parallel
technique terminates the signal at the end of the line with a
50
resistance to VCC 2.
This technique draws a fairly high level of DC current and
thus only a single terminated line can be driven by each
output of the MPC9351 clock driver. For the series terminated
case, however, there is no DC current draw, thus the outputs
can drive multiple series terminated lines.
Figure 8 illustrates
an output driving a single series terminated line versus two
series terminated lines in parallel. When taken to its extreme,
the fanout of the MPC9351 clock driver is effectively doubled
due to its capability to drive multiple lines.
Figure 8. Single versus Dual Transmission Lines
The waveform plots in
Figure 9 show the simulation
results of an output driving a single line versus two lines. In
both cases, the drive capability of the MPC9351 output buffer
is more than sufficient to drive 50
transmission lines on the
incident edge. Note from the delay measurements in the
simulations, a delta of only 43ps exists between the two
differently loaded outputs. This suggests that dual line driving
need not be used exclusively to maintain the tight
output-to-output skew of the MPC9351. The output waveform
in
Figure 9 shows a step in the waveform. This step is caused
by the impedance mismatch seen looking into the driver. The
parallel combination of the 36
series resistor plus the output
impedance does not match the parallel combination of the
line impedances. The voltage wave launched down the two
lines will equal:
VL =VS (Z0 (RS + R0 + Z0))
Z0 =50 || 50
RS =36 || 36
R0 =14
VL = 3.0 (25 (18 + 17 + 25)
=1.31 V
At the load end, the voltage will double, due to the near
unity reflection coefficient, to 2.6V. It will then increment
towards the quiescent 3.0V in steps separated by one round
trip delay (in this case 4.0ns).
VCCA
VCC
MPC9351
10 nF
RF = 270 for VCC = 3.3 V
RF = 9–10 for VCC = 2.5 V
CF
33...100 nF
RF
VCC
CF = 1 F for VCC = 3.3 V
CF = 22 F for VCC = 2.5 V
14
IN
MPC9351
Output
Buffer
RS = 36
ZO = 50
OutA
14
IN
MPC9351
Output
Buffer
RS = 36
ZO = 50
OutB0
RS = 36
ZO = 50
OutB1