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Sample Rate: 3 MSPS and AIN = –0.5 dB
1
1
3
4
5
7
89
6
2
THD = –74.42dB
S/(N+D) = 68.83dB
SFDR = –78.79dB
HARMONICS – dB
2ND
–79
3RD
–86
4TH
–78
5TH
–81
6TH
7TH
8TH
9TH
–86
–93
–95
–96
Figure 7. Typical FFT, f
IN
= 525 kHz
AD1672–Dynamic Characteristics
REV. 0
–8–
1
1
3
4
5
7
8
9
6
THD = –60.12dB
S/(N+D) = 59.70dB
SFDR = –61.09dB
HARMONICS – dB
2ND
3RD
4TH
5TH
–61
–67
–98
–78
6TH
7TH
8TH
9TH
–79
–91
–93
–87
2
Figure 8. Typical FFT, f
IN
= 1.450 MHz
THEORY OF OPERATION
The AD1672 is implemented using a 4-stage pipelined multiple
flash architecture. The flash resolution for the stages is 4-4-3-4
with one-bit of overlap used between stages for error correction.
A low noise sample-and-hold amplifier (SHA) acquires a full-
scale, single-ended input to 12-bit accuracy within 167 ns. A
4-bit approximation of the input is made by the first flash con-
verter, and an accurate analog representation of this four-bit es-
timate is generated by a digital-to-analog (DAC) converter.
This approximation is subtracted from the SHA output to pro-
duce a remainder, or residue. This residue is then sampled and
held by the second SHA, and a 4-bit approximation is generated
and subtracted by the second stage. Once the second SHA goes
into hold, the first stage goes back into sample mode to acquire a
new input signal.
The third stage which has 3 bits of resolution is similar to the
first and second stage in that each stage consists of a SHA, flash
ADC, and a DAC. Each stage preforms a 4- (or 3-) bit ap-
proximation/subtraction operation with the residue of each stage
being passed on to the next stage. The fourth or last stage con-
sists only of a 4-bit flash ADC which converts the final residue.
The 15 output bits from the 4 flash converters are accumulated
in the correction logic block, which adds the bits together using
the appropriate correction algorithm, to produce the 12 bit
output word. The digital output, together with the overrange
indicator (OTR), is latched into an output buffer to drive the
output pins.
The additional SHA inserted in each stage of the AD1672 archi-
tecture allows pipelining of the conversion. In essence, the con-
verter is converting multiple inputs simultaneously, processing
them through the converter chain serially. This means that
while the converter is capable of capturing a new input sample
every clock cycle, it actually takes 2 1/2 clock cycles for the con-
version to be fully processed and appear at the output. This
“pipeline delay” is often referred to as latency, and is not a con-
cern in most applications, however there are some cases where it
may be a consideration. For example, some applications call for
the A/D converter to be placed in a high speed feedback loop,
where its input is servoed to provide a desired result at the digi-
tal output (e.g., offset calibration or zero restoration in video
applications). In these cases the clock cycle delay through the
pipeline must be accounted for in the loop stability calculations.
Also, because the converter is working on three conversions si-
multaneously major disruptions to the part (such as a large
glitch on the supplies or reference) may corrupt three data
samples. Finally, there will be a minimum clock rate below
which the SHA droop corrupts the signal in the pipeline. In the
case of the AD1672, this minimum clock rate is 20 kHz at
25
°
C.
The AD1672 clock circuitry uses both edges of the clock in its
internal timing circuitry (see specification page for exact timing
requirements). The AD1672 samples the analog input on the
rising edge of the clock input. During the clock low time (be-
tween the falling edge and rising edge of the clock), the input
SHA is in sample mode; during the clock high time it is in hold.
System disturbances just prior to the rising edge of the clock
may cause the part to acquire the wrong value, and should be
minimized. While the part uses both clock edges for its timing,
jitter is only a significant issue for the rising edge of the clock
(see CLOCK INPUT section).