參數(shù)資料
型號: AT89C51AC3-SLSIM
廠商: Atmel
文件頁數(shù): 47/140頁
文件大?。?/td> 0K
描述: IC 8051 MCU FLASH 64K 44PLCC
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包裝: 27
系列: 89C
核心處理器: 8051
芯體尺寸: 8-位
速度: 60MHz
連通性: UART/USART
外圍設(shè)備: POR,PWM,WDT
輸入/輸出數(shù): 36
程序存儲器容量: 64KB(64K x 8)
程序存儲器類型: 閃存
EEPROM 大?。?/td> 2K x 8
RAM 容量: 2.25K x 8
電壓 - 電源 (Vcc/Vdd): 3 V ~ 5.5 V
數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換器: A/D 8x10b
振蕩器型: 外部
工作溫度: -40°C ~ 85°C
封裝/外殼: 44-LCC(J 形引線)
包裝: 管件
dsPIC33FJXXXGPX06/X08/X10
DS70286C-page 138
2009 Microchip Technology Inc.
9.1
CPU Clocking System
There are seven system clock options provided by the
dsPIC33FJXXXGPX06/X08/X10:
FRC Oscillator
FRC Oscillator with PLL
Primary (XT, HS or EC) Oscillator
Primary Oscillator with PLL
Secondary (LP) Oscillator
LPRC Oscillator
FRC Oscillator with postscaler
9.1.1
SYSTEM CLOCK SOURCES
The FRC (Fast RC) internal oscillator runs at a nominal
frequency of 7.37 MHz. The user software can tune the
FRC frequency. User software can optionally specify a
factor (ranging from 1:2 to 1:256) by which the FRC
clock frequency is divided. This factor is selected using
the FRCDIV<2:0> (CLKDIV<10:8>) bits.
The primary oscillator can use one of the following as
its clock source:
1.
XT (Crystal): Crystals and ceramic resonators in
the range of 3 MHz to 10 MHz. The crystal is
connected to the OSC1 and OSC2 pins.
2.
HS (High-Speed Crystal): Crystals in the range
of 10 MHz to 40 MHz. The crystal is connected
to the OSC1 and OSC2 pins.
3.
EC (External Clock): External clock signal is
directly applied to the OSC1 pin.
The secondary (LP) oscillator is designed for low power
and uses a 32.768 kHz crystal or ceramic resonator.
The LP oscillator uses the SOSCI and SOSCO pins.
The LPRC (Low-Power RC) internal oscillator runs at a
nominal frequency of 32.768 kHz. It is also used as a
reference clock by the Watchdog Timer (WDT) and
Fail-Safe Clock Monitor (FSCM).
The clock signals generated by the FRC and primary
oscillators can be optionally applied to an on-chip
Phase Locked Loop (PLL) to provide a wide range of
output
frequencies
for
device
operation.
PLL
configuration is described in Section 9.1.3 “PLL
The FRC frequency depends on the FRC accuracy
(see Table 25-19) and the value of the FRC Oscillator
Tuning register (see Register 9-4).
9.1.2
SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
The oscillator source that is used at a device Power-on
Reset event is selected using Configuration bit settings.
The oscillator Configuration bit settings are located in the
Configuration registers in the program memory. (Refer to
The Initial Oscillator Selection Configuration bits,
FNOSC<2:0> (FOSCSEL<2:0>), and the Primary
Oscillator
Mode
Select
Configuration
bits,
POSCMD<1:0> (FOSC<1:0>), select the oscillator
source that is used at a Power-on Reset. The FRC
primary oscillator is the default (unprogrammed)
selection.
The Configuration bits allow users to choose between
twelve different clock modes, shown in Table 9-1.
The output of the oscillator (or the output of the PLL if
a PLL mode has been selected) FOSC is divided by 2 to
generate the device instruction clock (FCY) and the
peripheral clock time base (FP). FCY defines the
operating speed of the device, and speeds up to 40
MHz
are
supported
by
the
dsPIC33FJXXXGPX06/X08/X10 architecture.
Instruction execution speed or device operating
frequency, FCY, is given by:
EQUATION 9-1:
DEVICE OPERATING
FREQUENCY
9.1.3
PLL CONFIGURATION
The primary oscillator and internal FRC oscillator can
optionally use an on-chip PLL to obtain higher speeds
of operation. The PLL provides a significant amount of
flexibility in selecting the device operating speed. A
block diagram of the PLL is shown in Figure 9-2.
The output of the primary oscillator or FRC, denoted as
‘FIN’, is divided down by a prescale factor (N1) of 2, 3,
... or 33 before being provided to the PLL’s Voltage
Controlled Oscillator (VCO). The input to the VCO must
be selected to be in the range of 0.8 MHz to 8 MHz.
Since the minimum prescale factor is 2, this implies that
FIN must be chosen to be in the range of 1.6 MHz to 16
MHz. The prescale factor ‘N1’ is selected using the
PLLPRE<4:0> bits (CLKDIV<4:0>).
The PLL Feedback Divisor, selected using the
PLLDIV<8:0> bits (PLLFBD<8:0>), provides a factor ‘M’,
by which the input to the VCO is multiplied. This factor
must be selected such that the resulting VCO output
frequency is in the range of 100 MHz to 200 MHz.
The VCO output is further divided by a postscale factor
‘N2’. This factor is selected using the PLLPOST<1:0>
bits (CLKDIV<7:6>). ‘N2’ can be either 2, 4 or 8, and
must be selected such that the PLL output frequency
(FOSC) is in the range of 12.5 MHz to 80 MHz, which
generates device operating speeds of 6.25-40 MIPS.
For a primary oscillator or FRC oscillator, output ‘FIN’,
the PLL output ‘FOSC’ is given by:
EQUATION 9-2:
FOSC CALCULATION
FCY
FOSC
2
-------------
=
FOSC
FIN
M
N1 N2
-------------------
=
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