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| 型號： | 21326 |
| 英文描述： | Implementation of Write Allocate Application Note |
| 中文描述： | 在寫分配應(yīng)用執(zhí)行情況的說明 |
| 文件頁數(shù)： | 18/22頁 |
| 文件大小： | 241K |
| 代理商： | 21326 |
10
Programming Details
Implementation of Write Allocate in the K86 Processors
21326F/0—February 1999
Step 2: AMD-K5
Processor
The AMD-K5 processor implements write allocate by providing
a global write allocate enable bit, three range-protection enable
bits, and two memory range registers. The global write allocate
enable bit is accessed using the Hardware Configuration
Register (HWCR). The memory range registers and range
enable bits are programmed by read/write MSR instructions.
The Write Allocate Enable bit (bit 4 of HWCR) should be set to
0, which prevents potential erroneous behavior in the case of a
warm boot during write allocate initialization.
Two MSRs are defined to support write allocate. The MSRs are
accessed using the RDMSR and WRMSR instructions (see
“RDMSR and WRMSR” in the
AMD-K5 Processor Software
Development Guide
, order# 20007). The following index values
in the ECX register access the MSRs:
I
Write Allocate Top-of-Memory and Control Register
(WATMCR)—ECX = 85h
Write Allocate Programmable Memory Range Register
(WAPMRR)—ECX = 86h
I
Three non-write-allocatable memory ranges are defined for use
with the write allocate feature—one fixed range and two
programmable ranges.
Fixed Range.
The fixed memory range is 000A_0000h –
000F_FFFFh and can be enabled or disabled. When enabled,
write allocate can not be performed in this range.
This region of memory, which includes standard VGA and other
peripheral and BIOS access, is considered noncacheable.
Performing a write allocate in this area can cause compatibility
problems. It is recommended that this bit be enabled (set to 1)
to prevent write allocate to this range. Set bit 16 of WATMCR to
enable protection of this range.
Programmable Range.
One programmable memory range is
xxxx_0000h–yyyy_FFFFh, where xxxx and yyyy are defined
using bits 15–0 and bits 31–16 of WAPMRR, respectively. Set
bit 17 of WATMCR to enable protection of this range. When
enabled, write allocate can not be performed in this range.
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