AD9520-4
Data Sheet
Rev. A | Page 38 of 80
Digital Lock Detect (DLD)
By selecting the proper output through the mux on each pin, the
DLD function is available at the LD, STATUS, and REFMON pins.
The digital lock detect circuit indicates a lock when the time
difference of the rising edges at the PFD inputs is less than a
specified value (the lock threshold). The loss of a lock is indicated
when the time difference exceeds a specified value (the unlock
threshold). Note that the unlock threshold is wider than the
lock threshold, which allows some phase error in excess of the
lock window to occur without chattering on the lock indicator.
The lock detect window timing depends on the value of the
CPRSET resistor, as well as three settings: the digital lock detect
window bit (Register 0x018[4]), the antibacklash pulse width bit
(Register 0x017[1:0], s
ee Table 2), and the lock detect counter
(Register 0x018[6:5]). The lock and unlock detection values
listed in Table 2 are for the nominal value of CPRSET = 5.11 kΩ. Doubling the CPRSET value to 10 kΩ doubles the values in Table 2. A lock is not indicated until there is a programmable number of
consecutive PFD cycles with a time difference that is less than
the lock detect threshold. The lock detect circuit continues to
indicate a lock until a time difference that is greater than the unlock
threshold occurs on a single subsequent cycle. For the lock detect
to work properly, the period of the PFD frequency must be greater
than the unlock threshold. The number of consecutive PFD
cycles required for lock is programmable (Register 0x018[6:5]).
Note that, in certain low (<500 Hz) loop bandwidth, high phase
margin cases, the DLD may chatter during acquisition, which
can cause t
he AD9520 to automatically enter and exit holdover.
To avoid this problem, it is recommended that the user provide
for a capacitor to ground on the LD pin such that current source
digital lock detect (CSDLD) mode can be used.
Analog Lock Detect (ALD)
T
he AD9520 provides an ALD function that can be selected for
use at the LD pin. There are two operating modes for ALD:
N-channel open-drain lock detect. This signal requires
a pull-up resistor to the positive supply, VS. The output is
normally high with short, low-going pulses. Lock is indicated
by the minimum duty cycle of the low going pulses.
P-channel open-drain lock detect. This signal requires a
pull-down resistor to GND. The output is normally low with
short, high-going pulses. Lock is indicated by the
minimum duty cycle of the high-going pulses.
AD9520
ALD
LD
R1
C
VOUT
R2
VS = 3.3V
07217-
067
Figure 44. Example of Analog Lock Detect Filter, Using
N-Channel Open-Drain Driver
The analog lock detect function requires an RC filter to provide a
logic level indicating lock/unlock. The ADIsimCLK tool can be
used to help the user select the right passive component values
for ALD to ensure its correct operation.
Current Source Digital Lock Detect (CSDLD)
During the PLL locking sequence, it is normal for the DLD
signal to toggle a number of times before remaining steady
when the PLL is completely locked and stable. There may be
applications where it is desirable to have DLD asserted only
after the PLL is solidly locked. This is possible by using the
current source digital lock detect function.
AD9520
LD
REFMON
OR
STATUS
C
VOUT
110A
DLD
LD PIN
COMPARATOR
07217-
068
Figure 45. Current Source Digital Lock Detect
The current source lock detect provides a current of 110 A when
DLD is true and shorts to ground when DLD is false. If a capacitor
is connected to the LD pin, it charges at a rate determined by the
current source during the DLD true time but is discharged nearly
instantly when DLD is false. By monitoring the voltage at the
LD pin (top of the capacitor), LD = high happens only after the
DLD is true for a sufficiently long time. Any momentary DLD
false resets the charging. By selecting a properly sized capacitor,
it is possible to delay a lock detect indication until the PLL is
stably locked and the lock detect does not chatter.
To use current source digital lock detect, do the following:
Place a capacitor to ground on the LD pin.
Set Register 0x01A[5:0] = 0x04.
Enable the LD pin comparator (Register 0x01D[3] = 1b).
The LD pin comparator senses the voltage on the LD pin, and
the comparator output can be made available at the REFMON
pin control (Register 0x01B[4:0]) or the STATUS pin control
(Register 0x017[7:2]). The internal LD pin comparator trip point
and hysteresis are given
in Table 17. The voltage on the capacitor
can also be sensed by an external comparator that is connected
to the LD pin. In this case, enabling the on-board LD pin
comparator is not necessary.
The user can asynchronously enable individual clock outputs
only when CSDLD is high. To enable this feature, set the
appropriate bits in the enable output on the CSDLD registers
(Register 0x0FC and Register 0x0FD).