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31
TS68332
2118A–HIREL–03/02
Instructions
68000FamilyCompatibility
Itisthephilosophyofthe68000familythatalluser-codeprogramscanexecute
unchangedonamoreadvancedprocessor,andsupervisor-modeprogramsandexcep-
tionhandlersshouldrequireonlyminimalalteration.
TheCPU32canbethoughtofasanintermediatememberofthe68000family.Object
codefromanTS68000or68010maybeexecutedontheCPU32,andmanyofthe
instructionandaddressingmodeextensionsoftheTS68020arealsosupported.Refer
totheCPU32referencemanualforadetailedcomparisonoftheCPU32andTS68020
instructionset(seealsoTable7).
NewInstructions
TwonewinstructionshavebeenaddedtotheTS68000instructionsetforuseincontrol-
lerapplications.Theyarelowpowerstop(LPSTOP)andtablelookupandinterpolate
(TBL).
LowPowerStop(LPSTOP):
Inapplicationswherepowerconsumptionisaconsider-
ation,theCPU32forcesthedeviceintoalow-powerstandbymodewhenimmediate
processingisnotrequired.Thelow-powerstopmodeisenteredbyexecutingthe
LPSTOPinstruction.
Theprocessorwillremaininthismodeuntilauser-specification(orhigher)interrupt
levelorresetoccurs.
TableLookupandInterpolate(TBL):
Tomaximizethroughputforreal-timeapplications,
referencedataisoften“pre-calculated”andstoredinmemoryforquickaccess.The
storageofeachdatapointwouldrequireaninordinateamountofmemory.Thetable
instructionrequiresonlyasampleofdatapointsstoredinthearray,reducingmemory
requirements.Thissingleinstructionallowsintermediatevaluestoberecoveredbylin-
earinterpolation,thussignificantlyincreasingCPUthroughputcomparedwithearlier
interpolationmethodswhichusedseveralinstructions.Theresultsareoptionally
roundedwiththeround-to-nearestalgorithm.
DevelopmentSupport
ThefollowingfeatureshavebeenimplementedontheCPU32toenhancetheinstru-
mentationanddevelopmentenvironment:
68000familydevelopmentsupport,
backgrounddebugmode,
deterministicopcodetracking,
hardwarebreakpoints.
68000FamilyDevelopment
Support
All68000familymembersincludefeaturestofacilitateapplicationsdevelopment.These
featuresincludethefollowing:
TraceOnInstruction:
68000familyprocessorsincludeaninstruction-by-instructiontrac-
ingfacilityasanaidtoprogramdevelopment.TheCPU32alsoallowstheusertotrace
onlythoseinstructionscausingachangeinprogramflow.
BreakpointInstruction:
Anemulatormayinsertsoftwarebreakpointsintothetargetcode
toindicatewhenabreakpointhasoccurred.OntheCPU32,thisfunctionisprovidedvia
illegalinstructions,$4848-$484F,toserveasbreakpointinstructions.
UnimplementedInstructionEmulation:
Duringinstructionexecution,whenanattemptis
madetoexecuteanillegalinstruction,anillegalinstructionexceptionoccurs.Unimple-
mentedinstructions(F-line,A-line,...)utilizeseparateexceptionvectorstopermit
efficientemulationofunimplementedinstructionsinsoftware.