參數(shù)資料
型號(hào): CS80C286-12
廠商: Intersil
文件頁(yè)數(shù): 9/60頁(yè)
文件大?。?/td> 0K
描述: IC CPU 16BIT 5V 12.5MHZ 68-PLCC
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包裝: 126
處理器類型: 80C286 16-位
速度: 12.5MHz
電壓: 5V
安裝類型: 表面貼裝
封裝/外殼: 68-LCC(J 形引線)
供應(yīng)商設(shè)備封裝: 68-PLCC(24.23x24.23)
包裝: 管件
17
Protected Virtual Address Mode
The 80C286 executes a fully upward-compatible superset of
the 80C86 instruction set in protected virtual address mode
(protected mode). Protected mode also provides memory
management and protection mechanisms and associated
instructions.
The 80C286 enters protected virtual address mode from real
address mode by setting the PE (Protection Enable) bit of
the machine status word with the Load Machine Status Word
(LMSW) instruction. Protected mode offers extended physi-
cal and virtual memory address space, memory protection
mechanisms, and new operations to support operating sys-
tems and virtual memory.
All registers, instructions, and addressing modes described
in the 80C286 Base Architecture section of this Functional
Description remain the same. Programs for the 80C86,
80C88, and real address mode 80C286 can be run in pro-
tected mode; however, embedded constants for segment
selectors are different.
Memory Size
The protected mode 80C286 provides a 1 gigabyte virtual
address space per task mapped into a 16 megabyte physical
address space defined by the address pins A23-A0 and
BHE. The virtual address space may be larger than the
physical address space since any use of an address that
does not map to a physical memory location will cause a
restartable exception.
Memory Addressing
As in real address mode, protected mode uses 32-bit point-
ers, consisting of 16-bit selector and offset components. The
selector, however, specifies an index into a memory resident
table rather than the upper 16-bits of a real memory address.
The 24-bit base address of the desired segment is obtained
from the tables in memory. The 16-bit offset is added to the
segment base address to form the physical address as
shown in Figure 8. The tables are automatically referenced
by the CPU whenever a segment register is loaded with a
selector. All 80C286 instructions which load a segment reg-
ister will reference the memory based tables without addi-
tional software. The memory based tables contain 8 byte
values called descriptors.
Descriptors
Descriptors define the use of memory. Special types of
descriptors also define new functions for transfer of control
and task switching. The 80C286 has segment descriptors for
code, stack and data segments, and system control descrip-
tors for special system data segments and control transfer
operations. Descriptor accesses are performed as locked
bus operations to assure descriptor integrity in multi-proces-
sor systems.
Code and Data Segment Descriptors (S = 1)
Besides segment base addresses, code and data descriptors
contain other segment attributes including segment size (1 to
64K bytes), access rights (read only, read/write, execute only,
and execute/read), and presence in memory (for virtual mem-
ory systems) (See Table 10). Any segment usage violating a
segment attribute indicated by the segment descriptor will pre-
vent the memory cycle and cause an exception or interrupt.
Code and data (including stack data) are stored in two types
of segments: code segments and data segments. Both types
are identified and defined by segment descriptors (S = 1).
Code segments are identified by the executable (E) bit set to
1 in the descriptor access rights byte. The access rights byte
of both code and data segment descriptor types have three
fields in common: present (P) bit, Descriptor Privilege Level
(DPL), and accessed (A) bit. If P = 0, any attempted use of
this segment will cause a not-present exception. DPL speci-
fies the privilege level of the segment descriptor. DPL con-
trols when the descriptor may be used by a task (refer to
privilege discussion below). The A bit shows whether the
segment has been previously accessed for usage profiling, a
necessity for virtual memory systems. The CPU will always
set this bit when accessing the descriptor.
PHYSICAL
ADDRESS
ADDER
MEMORY
OPERAND
SEGMENT
DESCRIPTOR
SEGMENT BASE
ADDRESS
POINTER SELECTOR OFFSET
PHYSICAL MEMORY
SEGMENT
SEG
MENT
DESCRIPTION
TABL
E
0
23
31
16 15
0
CPU
FIGURE 8. PROTECTED MODE MEMORY ADDRESSING
RESERVED
ACCESS
RIGHTS BYTE
PDPL STYPE A
BASE 23 - 16
BASE 15 - 0
LIMIT 15 - 0
15
70 7
7
80
0
+6
+4
+2
0
+7
+5
+3
+1
MUST BE SET TO 0 FOR COMPATIBILITY WITH FUTURE UPGRADES
FIGURE 9. CODE OR DATA SEGMENT DESCRIPTOR
80C286
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