2003 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS40300C-page 83
PIC16F62X
12.4.2
USART SYNCHRONOUS MASTER
RECEPTION
Once Synchronous mode is selected, reception is
enabled
by
setting
either
(RCSTA<5>) or enable bit CREN (RCSTA<4>). Data is
sampled on the RB1/RX/DT pin on the falling edge of
the clock. If enable bit SREN is set, then only a single
word is received. If enable bit CREN is set, the recep-
tion is continuous until CREN is cleared. If both bits are
set, then CREN takes precedence. After clocking the
last bit, the received data in the Receive Shift Register
(RSR) is transferred to the RCREG register (if it is
empty). When the transfer is complete, interrupt flag bit
RCIF (PIR1<5>) is set. The actual interrupt can be
enabled/disabled by setting/clearing enable bit RCIE
(PIE1<5>). Flag bit RCIF is a read only bit which is
RESET by the hardware. In this case, it is RESET
when the RCREG register has been read and is empty.
The RCREG is a double buffered register (i.e., it is a
two-deep FIFO). It is possible for two bytes of data to
be received and transferred to the RCREG FIFO and a
third byte to begin shifting into the RSR register. On the
clocking of the last bit of the third byte, if the RCREG
register is still full then overrun error bit OERR
(RCSTA<1>) is set. The word in the RSR will be lost.
The RCREG register can be read twice to retrieve the
two bytes in the FIFO. Bit OERR has to be cleared in
software (by clearing bit CREN). If bit OERR is set,
transfers from the RSR to the RCREG are inhibited, so
it is essential to clear bit OERR if it is set. The 9th
enable
bit
SREN
receive bit is buffered the same way as the receive
data. Reading the RCREG register, will load bit RX9D
with a new value, therefore it is essential for the user to
read the RCSTA register before reading RCREG in
order not to lose the old RX9D information.
Steps to follow when setting up a Synchronous Master
Reception:
1.
Initialize the SPBRG register for the appropriate
baud rate. (Section 12.1)
2.
Enable the synchronous master serial port by
setting bits SYNC, SPEN, and CSRC.
3.
Ensure bits CREN and SREN are clear.
4.
If interrupts are desired, then set enable bit
RCIE.
5.
If 9-bit reception is desired, then set bit RX9.
6.
If a single reception is required, set bit SREN.
For continuous reception set bit CREN.
7.
Interrupt flag bit RCIF will be set when reception
is complete and an interrupt will be generated if
enable bit RCIE was set.
8.
Read the RCSTA register to get the ninth bit (if
enabled) and determine if any error occurred
during reception.
9.
Read the 8-bit received data by reading the
RCREG register.
10. If any error occurred, clear the error by clearing
bit CREN.
TABLE 12-10: REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH SYNCHRONOUS MASTER RECEPTION
Address
Name
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Value on:
POR
Value on all
other
RESETS
0Ch
PIR1
EEIF
CMIF
RCIF
TXIF
—
CCP1IF TMR2IF
TMR1IF
0000 -000
RX9D
0000 -00x
0000 0000
0000 -000
0000 -00x
0000 0000
-000 -000
0000 -010
0000 0000
18h
RCSTA
SPEN
RX9
SREN CREN
ADEN
FERR
OERR
1Ah
RCREG USART Receive Register
8Ch
PIE1
EEPIE
CMIE
RCIE
TXIE
—
CCP1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE
-000 0000
BRGH
TRMT
98h
TXSTA
CSRC
TX9
TXEN
SYNC
—
TX9D
0000 -010
0000 0000
99h
Legend:
x
= unknown,
-
= unimplemented read as '0'. Shaded cells are not used for Synchronous Master Reception.
SPBRG Baud Rate Generator Register