Data Inputs
DATA IN (D
0
– D
17
)
Data, programmable-flag-offset values, and
Control-
Register
codes are input to the FIFO as 18-bit words on
D
0
– D
17
. Unused bit positions in offset-value
and Con-
trol-Register
words should be zero-filled.
Control Inputs
RESET (RS)
The FIFO is reset whenever the asynchronous Reset
(RS) input is taken to a LOW state. A reset operation is
required after power-up, before the first write operation
may occur. The state of the FIFO is fully defined after a
reset operation. If the default values which are entered
into the Programmable-Flag-Offset-Value Registers
and
the Control Register
by a reset operation are accept-
able, then no device programming is required. A reset
operation initializes the FIFO’s internal read-address and
write-address pointers to the FIFO’s first physical memory
location. The five status flags, FF, PAF, HF, PAE, and EF,
are updated to indicate that the FIFO is completely empty;
thus, the first three of these are reset to HIGH, and the
last two are reset to LOW. The flag-offset values for PAF
and PAE each are initialized to one-eighth of the depth of
a single FIFO, minus one; 63 for a 512-word FIFO, and
127 for a 1024-word FIFO. If
EMODE
is not being as-
serted (i.e., if
EMODE
is HIGH), all
Control Register
bits
are initialized to LOW, to configure the FIFO to operate in
the IDT72215B/25B-Compatible Operating Mode. Until a
write operation occurs, the data outputs D
0
– D
17
all are
LOW whenever OE is LOW.
ENHANCED OPERATING MODE (EMODE)
Whenever EMODE is asserted during a reset op-
eration, Control Register bits 00 – 05 remain HIGH
rather than LOW after the completion of the reset
operation. Thus, EMODE has the effect of activating
all of the Enhanced-Operating-Mode features during
a reset operation. Subsequently, they may be indi-
vidually disabled or re-enabled by changing the set-
ting of Control-Register bits. The behavior of these
Enhanced-Operating-Mode features is described in
Table 5. For permanent Enhanced-Operating-Mode
operation, EMODE must be grounded; dynamic con-
trol of EMODE during system operation is not recom-
mended.
Asserting EMODE during a reset operation also
causes WXI/WEN
2
to be configured as WEN
2
, and
RXI/REN
2
to be configured as REN
2
, to support inter-
locked-paralleled operation of two FIFOs ‘side by
side. (See Figure 27.) Additionally, RXO/EF
2
is config-
ured as EF
2
, which duplicates the EF signal with one
extra RCK cycle delay, in order to provide proper
timing for ‘pipelined’ cascaded operation.
WRITE CLOCK (WCLK)
A rising edge (LOW-to-HIGH transition) of WCLK initi-
ates a FIFO write cycle if LD is HIGH, or a programma-
ble-register write cycle if LD is LOW. The 18 data inputs,
and all input-side synchronous control inputs, must meet
setup and hold times with respect to the rising edge of
WCLK. The input-side status flags are meaningful after
specified time intervals, following a rising edge of WCLK.
Conceptually, the WCLK input receives a free-running,
periodic ‘clock’ waveform, which is used to control other
signals which are edge-sensitive. However, there actually
is not any absolute requirement that the WCLK waveform
mustbe periodic. An ‘a(chǎn)synchronous’ mode of operation
is in fact possible, if WEN is continuously asserted (that
is, is continuously held LOW), and WCLK receives ape-
riodic ‘clock’ pulses of suitable duration. There likewise is
no requirement that WCLK must have any particular
synchronization relation to the read clock RCLK. These
two clock inputs may in fact receive the same ‘clock’
signal; or they may receive totally-different signals, which
are not synchronized to each other in any way.
WRITE ENABLE (WEN)
Whenever WEN is being asserted (is LOW) and LD is
HIGH, and the FIFO is not full, an 18-bit data word is
loaded into the effective input register for the memory
array at every WCLK rising edge (LOW-to-HIGH transi-
tion). Data words are stored into the two-port memory
array sequentially, regardless of any ongoing read opera-
tion. Whenever WEN is not being asserted (is HIGH), the
input register retains whatever data word it contained
previously, and no new data word gets loaded into the
memory array.
To prevent overrunning the internal FIFO boundaries,
further write operations are inhibited whenever the Full
Flag (FF) is being asserted (is LOW). If a valid read
operation then occurs, upon the completion of that read
cycle FF again goes HIGH after a time t
WFF
, and another
write operation is allowed to begin whenever WCLK
makes another LOW-to-HIGH transition. Effectively,
WEN is overridden by FF; thus, during normal FIFO
operation, WEN has no effect when the FIFO is full.
In the Enhanced Operating Mode, whenever
EMODE is being asserted (is LOW), WXI/WEN
2
func-
tions as WEN
2
, an additional duplicate (albeit asser-
tive-HIGH) write-enable input, in order to provide
an‘interlocking’ mechanism for reliable synchro-
nization of two paralleled FIFOs. To control writing,
WEN
2
is ANDed with WEN; this logic-AND function
(WEN
WEN
2
) then behaves like WEN in the forego-
ing description.
DESCRIPTION OF SIGNALS AND
OPERATING SEQUENCES (cont’d)
BOLD ITALIC = Enhanced Operating Mode
512 x 18/1024 x 18 Synchronous FIFO
LH540215/25
15