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MC68341 USER’S MANUAL
MOTOROLA
5.3.1 M68000 Family Compatibility
It is the philosophy of the M68000 Family that all user-mode programs should execute
unchanged on a more advanced processor and that supervisor-mode programs and
exception handlers should require only minimal alteration.
The CPU32 can be thought of as an intermediate member of the M68000 family. Object
code from an MC68000 or MC68010 may be executed on the CPU32, and many of the
instruction and addressing mode extensions of the MC68020 are also supported.
5.3.1.1 NEW INSTRUCTIONS. Two instructions have been added to the M68000
instruction set for use in embedded control applications: LPSTOP and table lookup and
interpolation (TBL).
5.3.1.1.1 Low-Power Stop (LPSTOP). In applications where power consumption is a
consideration, the CPU32 can force the device into a low-power standby mode when
immediate processing is not required. The low-power mode is entered by executing the
LPSTOP instruction. The processor remains in this mode until a user-specified or higher
level interrupt or a reset occurs.
5.3.1.1.2 Table Lookup and Interpolate (TBL). To maximize throughput for real-time
applications, reference data is often precalculated and stored in memory for quick access.
The storage of sufficient data points can require an inordinate amount of memory. The
TBL instruction uses linear interpolation to recover intermediate values from a sample of
data points, thus conserving memory.
When the TBL instruction is executed, the CPU32 looks up two table entries bounding the
desired result and performs a linear interpolation between them. Byte, word, and long-
word operand sizes are supported. The result can be rounded according to a round-to-
nearest algorithm or returned unrounded along with the fractional portion of the calculated
result (byte and word results only). This extra precision can be used to reduce cumulative
error in complex calculations. See 5.3.4 Using the TBL Instructions for examples.
5.3.1.2 UNIMPLEMENTED INSTRUCTIONS. The ability to trap on unimplemented
instructions allows user-supplied code to emulate unimplemented capabilities or to define
special-purpose functions. However, Motorola reserves the right to use all currently
unimplemented instruction operation codes for future M68000 enhancements. See 5.5.2.8
Illegal or Unimplemented Instructions for more details.
5.3.2 Instruction Format and Notation
All instructions consist of at least one word. Some instructions can have as many as
seven words, as shown in Figure 5-6. The first word of the instruction, called the operation
word, specifies instruction length and the operation to be performed. The remaining
words, called extension words, further specify the instruction and operands. These words
may be immediate operands, extensions to the effective address mode specified in the
operation word, branch displacements, bit number, special register specifications, trap
operands, or argument counts.
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