32
Agere Systems Inc.
T8302 Internet Protocol Telephone
Advanced RISC Machine (
ARM
)
Data Sheet
July 2001
4 Reset/Clock Management
(continued)
The four conditions are mutually exclusive, and appropriate actions can be taken within the boot code depending
on which bit is set.
When one of these reset sources becomes active, the appropriate reset source is recorded in the
reset status
(control/clear) register
(see Table 13 on page 40)
. A reset signal is sent to the
ARM
940T core and all of the
peripheral blocks are reset. The internal resets are deasserted synchronously with the falling edge of the system
clock after the source of the reset is deasserted. The
RTS0N
pin is maintained active-low until released by software
via the
reset peripheral control (read, clear, set) register
(see Table 14 on page 41)
.
A reset from any of the four sources previously mentioned immediately causes the following:
I
The clock source is switched to the 11.52 MHz external input with the clock divider set to 1.
I
The PLL is powered up and its programmable registers are preset.
I
The EMI (external memory interface) and the peripheral devices are powered up in their default power-on state.
(In general, most register bits in the reset/clock management controller are set to a default on state, whereas
most peripheral registers are reset to 0. Any exceptions to this will be specifically noted when the register bits are
discussed.)
I
The internal reset signal
(INT_RST)
, as well as the external reset (
RTS0N)
signal, is asserted immediately when-
ever any of the four reset sources are asserted. The external
RTS0N
signal remains active until cleared in the
reset peripheral control register
(read, clear, set)
;
see Table 14 on page 41
.
Deasserting
RTS0N
is accom-
plished by writing 0 to the
ERS
bit in the
reset peripheral control clear register
.
4.1.2 Operation of the Clock Switching Logic
The clock switching logic is controlled by software. For example, when switching from the external clock to the PLL
clock, the
PLLE
enable bit in the
clock control register
(see Table 10 on page 38)
is set to 1 to enable the PLL,
then the
PLLC
bit in the
clock management register
(see Table 7 on page 37)
is set to 1. The PLL can be shut
down to conserve power by resetting the enable bit (
PLLE
).
4.1.2.1 PLL Operation
The PLL oscillator is controlled by
PLLE
of the
clock control register
(see Table 10 on page 38)
. The PLL gener-
ates a clock signal when
PLLE
is set to 1. It typically takes about 30 μs for the PLL oscillator to restart and lock in
from the inactive state (with a maximum of 250 μs).
The input to the PLL comes from the input clock
EXT_CLK
. The PLL cannot operate without this external input
clock.
To use the PLL clock, first stabilize the clock output and then lock it to the programmed frequency. The clock switch-
ing logic waits until lock occurs before switching to the PLL clock.
The frequency of the PLL output clock (
PLL_CLK
) is determined by the values loaded into the 3-bit N divider and
the 5-bit M divider
(see Table 12 on page 39)
. When the PLL clock is selected and locked (by setting
PLLC
in the
clock management register
) the frequency of
PLL_CLK
is related to the frequency of
EXT_CLK
by the following
equation:
PLL_CLK = EXT_CLK x (MBITS + 1)/(NBITS + 1)
The coding of the
Mbits
and
Nbits
is described
in Table 12 on page 39
.
For example:
The frequency of
PLL_CLK
is designed to be 288 MHz in this application.
288 MHz = 11.52 MHz x (24 + 1)/(0 + 1)